Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37553689›Full record

ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2023

Unpacking racism during COVID-19: narratives from racialized Canadian gay, bisexual, and queer men.

Cornel Grey, Ian Liujia Tian, Shayna Skakoon-Sparling, Emerich Daroya, Ben Klassen, David Lessard, Mark Gaspar, Jad Sinno, Jordan M Sang, Amaya Perez-Brumer and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal for equity in health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.

Cornel GreyWestern University, London, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2339-5546
Ian Liujia TianUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-034X
Shayna Skakoon-SparlingToronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5021-6593
Emerich DaroyaUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-4240
Ben KlassenCommunity-Based Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8203-724X
David LessardMcGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1151-3763
Mark GasparUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-2838
Jad SinnoUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-0223
Jordan M SangBC Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5649-0326
Amaya Perez-BrumerUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-4358
Nathan J LachowskyUniversity of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6336-8780
David M MooreBC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1078-9247
Jody JollimoreCanadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange (CATIE), Toronto, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6005-9720
Trevor A HartUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5107-7452
Joseph CoxMcGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7041-1556
Daniel GraceUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. daniel.grace@utoronto.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-3959
University of Toronto · CAMcGill University Health Centre · CAAIDS Vancouver · CABritish Columbia Centre on Substance Use · CACanadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange · CACommunity Based Research Centre · CAToronto Metropolitan University · CAUniversity of Victoria · CAWestern University · CA

Funding

CIHR CTN300-2CIHR FDN - 143342CIHR PH2-409374CIHR PJT-153139CIHR VR5-172677
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveEpidemics impact individuals unevenly across race, gender, and sexuality. In addition to being more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection, evidence suggests racialized gender and sexual minorities experienced disproportionate levels of discrimination and stigma during the COVID-19 epidemic. Drawing on Critical Race Theory (CRT), we examined the experiences of gay, bisexual, queer, and other men who have sex with men (GBQM) of colour facing discrimination during COVID-19.

designEngage-COVID-19 is a mixed methods study examining the impact of COVID-19 on GBQM living in Vancouver, Toronto, and Montréal, Canada. We conducted two rounds of qualitative interviews (November 2020 to February 2021, and June to October 2021) with 93 GBQM to explore the evolving impact of COVID-19 on their lives. Transcripts were coded using inductive thematic analysis. Data analysis was conducted using Nvivo software.

resultsFifty-nine participants identified as Black, Indigenous, and/or a Person of Colour (BIPOC). These GBQM of colour described multiple experiences of discrimination during COVID-19. Although participants did not report experiences of discrimination based on their sexual identity during COVID-19, we found that experiences of racism affected how they were treated within their sexual networks. Experiences of racism were most often reported by East Asian and Black GBQM. These participants faced racism in public and online spaces, primarily in the form of verbal harassment. Several participants were also harassed because they wore face masks. Verbal abuse against GBQM of colour was largely prompted by racist discourses related to COVID-19.

conclusionRacism remains a pernicious threat to the well-being of GBQM of colour. CRT highlights the importance of assessing how sexualized and gendered discourses about race shape the experiences of GBQM of colour navigating multiple epidemics like COVID-19 and HIV. These pervasive discourses unevenly affect racial and sexual minorities across multiple epidemics, and negatively impact health outcomes for these populations.

Indexed as

COVID-19RacismSexual and Gender MinoritiesCanadaHomosexuality, MaleHumansMaleAnti-asian racismAnti-black racismCritical race theoryGay and bisexual men, COVID-19RacismSexuality

Identifiers

PMID37553689
PMCPMC10410892
OpenAlexW4385654785

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.