ArticleJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology2023
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated adrenal insufficiency in Chinese cancer patients: a retrospective analysis.
Article in Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on perioperative endocrine abnormalities and intraoperative hemodynamics in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
- Secondary Adrenocortical Insufficiency in Liver Cancer Patient After Treatment With Cadonilimab: A Case Report.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2026Article
- Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced adrenal insufficiency.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Secondary adrenocortical insufficiency after treatment with retifanlimab: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are of great success in cancer therapy. This study aimed to identify adrenal insufficiency (AI) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment in cancer patients receiving steroid replacement therapy and report the clinical characteristics of ICI-associated AI and concurrent immune-associated adverse events (irAEs).
methodsPatients prescribed cortisone acetate between January 2020 and March 2022 were reviewed to identify AI associated with ICI treatment. Data collected included indication of ICI (cancer type), drug characteristics, and outcomes.
resultsA total of 101 patients were diagnosed with AI following treatment with ICIs. The median age was 64 years (range 22-83 years); 73.3% of the patients were male. Median time to develop primary AI and secondary AI after starting ICI therapy was 200.5 (35-280) days and 178 (16-562) days, respectively. Concurrent irAEs occurred in 67 (66.3%) patients and included 63 (62.4%) endocrine irAEs. Log-rank test showed that there was a trend toward higher likelihood of death at 120-day follow-up in patients initially receiving intravenous hydrocortisone compared with those receiving oral cortisone acetate after diagnosis of AI (p = 0.029).
conclusionThis retrospective study comprehensively documented the clinical characterization of ICI-associated AI. Those initially receiving intravenous hydrocortisone after diagnosis of AI were associated with higher likelihood of death. Physicians should be aware of the variability of ICI-associated irAEs early in the treatment, early diagnoses, and timely management should be made.
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