ArticleClinical neuroradiology2024
Detailed Anatomy of Bridging Veins Around the Foramen Magnum: a Multicenter Study Using Three-dimensional Angiography.
Article in Clinical neuroradiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Jugular foramen dural arteriovenous fistula with bridging vein at the foramen magnum level successfully treated by surgery: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Classification, angioarchitecture and treatment outcomes of medullary bridging vein-draining dural arteriovenous fistulas in the foramen magnum region: a multicenter study.Neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Selective Bridging Vein Embolization of a Transverse-Sigmoid Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Draining via the Jugular Foramen: A Case Report.Journal of neuroendovascular therapy · 2025Article
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12 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
background and purposeThere has been limited literature regarding the bridging veins (BVs) of the medulla oblongata around the foramen magnum (FM). The present study aims to analyze the normal angioarchitecture of the BVs around the FM using slab MIP images of three-dimensional (3D) angiography.
methodsWe collected 3D angiography data of posterior fossa veins and analyzed the BVs around the FM using slab MIP images. We analyzed the course, outlet, and number of BVs around the FM. We also examined the detection rate and mean diameter of each BV.
resultsOf 57 patients, 55 patients (96%) had any BV. The median number of BVs was two (range: 0-5). The BVs originate from the perimedullary veins and run anterolaterally to join the anterior condylar vein (ACV), inferior petrosal sinus, sigmoid sinus, or jugular bulb, inferolaterally to join the suboccipital cavernous sinus (SCS), laterally or posterolaterally to join the marginal sinus (MS), and posteriorly to join the MS or occipital sinus. We classified BVs into five subtypes according to the draining location: ACV, jugular foramen (JF), MS, SCS, and cerebellomedullary cistern (CMC). ACV, JF, MS, SCS, and CMC BVs were detected in 11 (19%), 18 (32%), 32 (56%), 20 (35%), and 16 (28%) patients, respectively. The mean diameter of the BVs other than CMC was 0.6 mm, and that of CMC BV was 0.8 mm.
conclusionUsing venous data from 3D angiography, we detected FM BVs in most cases, and the BVs were connected in various directions.
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