Observational studyBrain and behavior2023
Overnight urinary melatonin levels in women with and without HIV: An observational cohort study.
Observational study in Brain and behavior, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep and Rest-Activity Rhythms are Delayed and Less Robust in People Living With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Overnight urinary melatonin levels in women with and without HIV: An observational cohort study.Brain and behavior · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDespite significant improvements in longevity and quality of life associated with antiretroviral therapy, individuals with HIV still suffer from a higher burden of sleep and circadian disruption and inflammatory-based diseases than individuals without HIV. While melatonin is a hormone that has a role in sleep and circadian regulation and has anti-inflammatory properties, the overnight concentration of the urinary melatonin metabolite has not yet been reported in people with HIV.
methodsThe aim of this study was to compare the overnight urinary melatonin metabolite levels in women aged 35-70 years with HIV (n = 151) to a well-matched comparison group of women without HIV (n = 147). All women wore a wrist actigraphy monitor and completed daily diaries documenting sleep timing and use of medications and drugs or alcohol for 10 days. Participants collected their overnight urine near the end of the monitoring period.
resultsMelatonin levels did not differ between women with or without HIV, but more than 40% of women had low levels of melatonin. Higher body mass index predicted lower levels of melatonin, and lower levels of melatonin were associated with lower sleep efficiency as assessed with wrist actigraphy.
conclusionThese data lay the foundation for exploration of the longitudinal consequences of endogenous melatonin levels for inflammatory-based diseases in aging women with and without HIV. Future studies should consider the use of supplemental melatonin to improve sleep in women with lower levels of melatonin.
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