ArticleInternational journal of sports physical therapy2023
Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Biomechanical Factors During 90° Change of Direction are Associated to Non-Contact ACL injury in Female Soccer Players.
Article in International journal of sports physical therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sport-Specific Injury Mechanisms and Situational Patterns of ACL Injuries: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Pooled it
- Adaptive Athlete Management in Youth Football: A Developmentally Informed Framework for Applied Practice.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Foot and Ankle Contributions to Noncontact ACL Injury Risk: A Systematic Review.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2026Review
- Vertical Stiffness, Pelvic Tilt Range and Jump Height during Vertical Jumping in Youth Soccer: Influence of Age, Sex and the Playing Position.Journal of human kinetics · 2026Article
- Age is not a primary risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury-A comprehensive review of anterior cruciate ligament injury and reinjury risk factors confounded by young patient age.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Review
- A scoping review of force plates in female soccer: The utility, existing practice and identification of knowledge Gaps.PloS one · 2026Article
- Differences in Kinematic and Muscle Activity Between ACL Injury Risk and Healthy Players in Female Football: Influence of Change of Direction Amplitude in a Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Impact of External Conditions on Arm Positioning During Punches in MMA Fighters: A Comparative Analysis of 2D and 3D Methods.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fixation of Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis With a Biointegrative Compression Staple.Arthroscopy techniques · 2025Article
- Can Unilateral Strength Training Optimize Change of Direction Mechanics and Mitigate Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk in Female Soccer Players? A Preliminary Pre-Post Intervention Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- ACL injury in female soccer players: Risk, resilience, and prevention in the modern game.Science progressReview
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The two-dimensional (2D) video-analysis of the change of direction (COD) technique has never been used to attempt to predict the risk of ACL injury in female football players. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of the present pilot study was to prospectively investigate the biomechanical predictors of ACL injury during a COD task in female football players using both gold standard 3D motion capture and a qualitative scoring system based on 2D video-analysis. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: Sixteen competitive female football (soccer) players (age 21.4 ± 4.3) performed a series of pre-planned 90° COD tasks. 3D motion data was recorded through 10 stereophotogrammetric cameras and a force platform. 2D frontal and transverse plane joint kinematics were computed through video-analysis from three high-speed cameras. A scoring system based on five criteria was adopted: limb stability, pelvis stability, trunk stability, shock absorption, and movement strategy. The players were prospectively followed for the next two consecutive football seasons and the occurrence of severe knee injuries was registered. Results: Four players (25%) experienced an ACL injury. In 3D analysis, ACL-injured players showed greater knee valgus, knee internal rotation, and lower knee flexion (p= 0.017 - 0.029). Lower hip flexion coupled with greater external rotation (p= 0.003 - 0.042), ankle eversion, and contralateral pelvic drop (p<0.001) were also noted. In 2D analysis, ACL-injured players showed greater internal foot rotation, contralateral pelvic drop, lower knee flexion, and contralateral trunk tilt (moderate-to-large effect size). Pelvis stability and trunk stability showed the highest predictive value towards ACL injury. Total score was significantly lower in ACL-injured players with a moderate effect size (d=0.45). Conclusions: Both 3D and 2D methodologies depicted biomechanical risk factors and offered predictive insights towards the ACL injury risk. Awareness should rise in women's football regarding the high risk of ACL injury and the strategies to assess and mitigate it. Level of Evidence: 3©The Author(s).
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