ArticleKidney international reports2023
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Versus Tacrolimus in Children With Steroid Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome.
Article in Kidney international reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Steroid-sparing drugs in children and young adults with nephrotic syndrome: a target trial emulation.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Trial
- Rituximab-induced long-term remission in childhood-onset, uncomplicated, frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial and a follow-up study.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Infection prophylaxis following anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in childhood kidney diseases.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Immune dysregulation in pediatric cancer-associated nephrotic syndrome: current insights.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- B cell depletion with rituximab in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: does depletion duration change outcome?Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Clinical practice guidelines for rituximab treatment in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Review
- Single (375 mg/mPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Rituximab Administration to Treat Nephrotic Syndrome in Children: 2-Year Follow-Up.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Rituximab in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in Syrian children: clinicopathological spectrum, treatment, and outcomes.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Observational
- Difficult-to-Treat Nephrotic Syndrome in Childhood-Global Depletion of B-Cells.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Capacity for the management of kidney failure in the International Society of Nephrology Oceania and South East Asia (OSEA) region: report from the 2023 ISN Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA).Kidney international supplements · 2024Review
- Crohn's disease after multiple doses of rituximab treatment in a child with refractory nephrotic syndrome and anFrontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Children with Steroid Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome: Rituximab or Tacrolimus? It's All in the Timing.Kidney international reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: In the Rituximab for Relapse Prevention in Nephrotic Syndrome (RITURNS) trial, we demonstrated superior efficacy of single-course rituximab over maintenance tacrolimus in preventing relapses in children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) during a 1-year observation. Here we present the long-term outcomes of all 117 trial completers, who were followed up for another 2 years. Methods: Relapsing patients in the rituximab arm received a second course of rituximab, either with ( Results: All 12-month relapse-free patients in the rituximab arm relapsed in the second postexposure year, resulting in similar median relapse-free survival times in the 2 trial arms (62 vs. 59 weeks). Second line rituximab in the tacrolimus arm was less effective than first-line therapy in patients switched to rituximab following a relapse (relapse-free survival 55 vs. 63 weeks, Conclusion: The superior therapeutic effect of rituximab in SDNS vanishes during the second year post-exposure. Rituximab appears to yield longer remission when applied as first line as compared to second line therapy. Maintenance MMF following rituximab induces long-term disease remission.
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