ArticleCancer research communications2023
Synergism Between IL21 and Anti-PD-1 Combination Therapy is Underpinned by the Coordinated Reprogramming of the Immune Cellular Network in the Tumor Microenvironment.
Article in Cancer research communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- PVR Mediates Resistance to IL21.CD276.CAR-T Therapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Regulation of antiviral immunity by PD-1 during respiratory syncitial virus infection and upon vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- AttenuatedActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- IL21 is predominantly produced by a CXCL13 associated CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Enhancing Colorectal Cancer Treatment Through VEGF/VEGFR Inhibitors and Immunotherapy.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Prognostic Impact of Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Interleukin Signatures in the Tumor Microenvironment of Early Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Enhanced abscopal anti-tumor response via a triple combination of thermal ablation, IL-21, and PD-1 inhibition therapy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Synergistic role of activated CD4Heliyon · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T cell-stimulating cytokines and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are an ideal combination for increasing response rates of cancer immunotherapy. However, the results of clinical trials have not been satisfying. It is important to understand the mechanism of synergy between these two therapeutic modalities. Here, through integrated analysis of multiple single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets of human tumor-infiltrating immune cells, we demonstrate that IL21 is produced by tumor-associated T follicular helper cells and hyperactivated/exhausted CXCL13 Significance: This study reveals how cytokine and checkpoint inhibitor therapy can be combined to increase the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.