SynthesisFrontiers in neurology2023
Movement disorders in cell surface antibody mediated autoimmune encephalitis: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Seronegative Autoimmune Encephalitis Presenting With Severe Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in an Older Adult: A Case of Diagnostic Complexity.Case reports in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune mechanisms of the cerebellum-brainstem network in autoimmune encephalitis and related neuroimmune disorders: antibody targets, selective vulnerability, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Movement Disorders in Antibody-Associated Neurologic Diseases: A Nationwide Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an increasingly recognized neuroinflammatory disease entity in which early detection and treatment leads to the best clinical outcomes. Movement disorders occur in AE but their characteristics are not well defined. Objectives: To identify the frequency, classification, and prognostic significance of movement disorders in AE. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of movement disorders in cell surface antibody mediated AE. The frequency of any movement disorder as well as the classification of movement disorders in AE serotypes was determined. We looked at adults 18 years and older and included publications that described at least 10 cases. We used the following four electronic databases: Medline (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), APA Psychinfo, and Cochrane library. Results: A total of 1,192 titles and abstracts were reviewed. Thirty-seven studies were included in the final meta-analysis. At least one kind of movement disorder was present in 40% of the entire AE cohort, 53% with anti-NMDA receptor antibodies, 33% with anti-CASPR2 antibodies, 30% with anti-LGI1 antibodies and 13% with anti-GABA receptor antibodies. Dyskinesia was the commonest movement disorder in anti-NMDA antibody mediated AE and faciobrachial dystonic seizures were most frequent in anti-LGI1 antibody mediated AE. Patients with a movement disorder tended to have a higher mortality. The risk of bias in the included studies was mostly moderate or high. Conclusion: Movement disorders are common in AE and their identification, in conjunction with other clinical and paraclinical features, may facilitate earlier diagnosis. The prognostic implications of movement disorders in AE warrant further dedicated study. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42023386920.
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