ArticleArchives of Iranian medicine2022
Protocol Design for Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-communicable Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Experience from Iran STEPS Survey 2021.
Article in Archives of Iranian medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
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63 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the effects of implementing the family health nurse model on the self-management of elderly individuals with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial.BMC primary care · 2025Trial
- Clustering patterns of behavioral and metabolic risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in Iran: findings from a national STEPS survey.Global health action · 2026Article
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- Association of Selected Anthropometric Indices With Diabetic Kidney Disease Among Iranian Adults With Diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Article
- Insufficient physical activity and diabetes mellitus prevalence in Iran: an estimated population attributable fraction analysis using STEPS 2021 data.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence of sarcopenia and population attributable fraction of related factors in Iranian older adults from the IMOS‑2021 study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic multimorbidity prevalence and its socio-demographic determinants among Iranian adults: insights from the nationwide STEPS 2021.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- National program for cardiovascular disease and hypertension in primary healthcare: WHO-PEN program initial scale-up in Iran (IraPEN).BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and cardiometabolic care in adults with ASCVD and high 10-year ASCVD risk: 2021 WHO STEPS study in Iran.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prehypertension and hypertension among older adults: prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and associated factors - findings from Iranian STEPS survey (2016 and 2021).Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Article
- Physical inactivity prevalence and associated factors among iranian older adults in the 2021 STEPS survey.Scientific reports · 2026Article
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- QALY losses for non-communicable diseases in Iranian adults: insights from a national cross-sectional study.Population health metrics · 2026Article
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- Prevalence of diabetes/prediabetes and their associated risk factors among adults with hypertension from iran: a nationwide study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of cardiovascular risk factors with diabetic kidney disease severity in the Iranian population.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Salt Intake Among the Iranian Population and Public Attitudes Toward Salt Consumption: National and Subnational Report From STEPS 2021.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
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- The Predictive Ability and Trend of Continuous Metabolic Syndrome (cMets) Score as a Marker for the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome among Iranian Adults from 2007 to 2025 Using STEPS Studies.International journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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23 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRegarding the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and exposure to their risk factors, and the continuous need for nationwide data, we aimed to develop the latest round of the STEPwise Approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS) survey in 2021 in Iran, while the COVID-19 pandemic was still present.
methodsIn addition to the three main steps of this survey, including questionnaires, physical measurements, and laboratory assessments, we adapted the survey with the situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, by adding to various aspects of study phases and changing some scientific and executive procedures in this round of STEPS survey in Iran. These changes were beyond the initial novelties embedded within the survey before the pandemic, by refining the study protocol benefiting from the previous experiences of the STEPS survey.
resultsBy amending the required changes, we could include a total of 27874 individuals in the first step of the survey. This number was 27745 and 18119 for the second and third steps. Comparing the preliminary results with the previous nationwide surveys, this study was highly representative on both national and provincial levels. Also, implementing the COVID-19 prevention and control strategies in all stages of survey led to the least infection transmission between the study investigators and participants.
conclusionThe novel initiatives and developed strategies in this round of Iran STEPS survey provide a state-of-the-art protocol for national surveys in the presence of an overwhelming catastrophe like the COVID-19 pandemic and the triggered limitations and shortages of resources.
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