ArticleCritical care (London, England)2023
Sex-related differences in adult patients with status epilepticus: a seven-year two-center observation.
Article in Critical care (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Significance of Early Fever in Convulsive Status Epilepticus: Insights from the ICTAL Registry.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Incidence and prehospital management of convulsive status epilepticus in Martinique, a French Caribbean territory.Epilepsia open · 2026Observational
- Underdosing and response to pharmacotherapy in patients with status epilepticus: a retrospective study from Saudi Arabia.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- The impact of revised definitions on the epidemiology of status epilepticus: A population-based study.Epilepsia · 2025Article
- Post-intensive care syndrome and health-related quality of life in long-term survivors of cardiac arrest: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Mice deficient in complement C3 are protected against recognition memory deficits and astrogliosis induced by status epilepticus.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConflicting findings exist regarding the influence of sex on the development, treatment, course, and outcome of status epilepticus (SE). Our study aimed to investigate sex-related disparities in adult SE patients, focusing on treatment, disease course, and outcome at two Swiss academic medical centers.
methodsIn this retrospective study, patients treated for SE at two Swiss academic care centers from Basel and Geneva from 2015 to 2021 were included. Primary outcomes were return to premorbid neurologic function, death during hospital stay and at 30 days. Secondary outcomes included characteristics of treatment and disease course. Associations with primary and secondary outcomes were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Analysis using propensity score matching was performed to account for the imbalances regarding age between men and women.
resultsAmong 762 SE patients, 45.9% were women. No sex-related differences were found between men and women, except for older age and lower frequency of intracranial hemorrhages in women. Compared to men, women had a higher median age (70 vs. 66, p = 0.003), had focal nonconvulsive SE without coma more (34.9% vs. 25.5%; p = 0.005) and SE with motor symptoms less often (52.3% vs. 63.6%, p = 0.002). With longer SE duration (1 day vs. 0.5 days, p = 0.011) and a similar proportion of refractory SE compared to men (36.9% vs. 36.4%, p = 0.898), women were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated less often (30.6% vs. 42%, p = 0.001). Age was associated with all primary outcomes in the unmatched multivariable analyses, but not female sex. In contrast, propensity score-matched multivariable analyses revealed decreased odds for return to premorbid neurologic function for women independent of potential confounders. At hospital discharge, women were sent home less (29.7% vs. 43.7%, p < 0.001) and to nursing homes more often (17.1% vs. 10.0%, p = 0.004).
conclusionsThis study identified sex-related disparities in the clinical features, treatment modalities, and outcome of adult patients with SE with women being at a disadvantage, implying that sex-based factors must be considered when formulating strategies for managing SE and forecasting outcomes.
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