SynthesisJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2023
Chronic immune-related adverse events in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Knowledge graph and frontier trends in melanoma-associated ncRNAs: a bibliometric analysis from 2006 to 2023.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Phase II Trial of Adjuvant S-1 Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Surgery in Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The PIECE Trial.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Trial
- Article
- The Long-Term Sequelae and Clinical Workload Resulting from Toxicities of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Therapy in Patients with Cancer.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2026Article
- Cancer survivorship in malignant melanoma.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026Review
- AI-driven dual-task prediction model for co-stratifying efficacy and toxicity in NSCLC immunotherapy.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Spatial proteomics reveals four-stage molecular evolution in cancer immunotherapy-related gastritis.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Oncology must confront hidden side effects.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Rapidly Progressive Triple M Overlap Syndrome After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.Cureus · 2026Article
- Immune tolerance versus cancer surveillance: an ongoing challenge.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- [Could the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors be discontinued after 2 years of application? Pros and cons for the development of a national guideline.]Magyar onkologia · 2026Review
- Where is the data? Delayed and chronic irAE surveillance and management after cessation of ICIs: expert insights from SITC on survivorship care and the need for long-term data.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- The management of rheumatic immune related adverse events.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Unveiling the Scientific Landscape and Trends of Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Events: A Bibliometric Analysis.Cureus · 2026Review
- Association of CT-assessed sarcopenia and the development of immune-related adverse events and overall survival: a multistate survival analysis.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Scoping Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- FAERS database reveals latent signals of neuro-ophthalmic toxicity associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: feature mining and clinical warnings.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Successful Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge After Sintilimab-Induced Pancreatitis: A Case Report.International medical case reports journal · 2026Article
- PD-1 inhibitor-induced rheumatic, endocrine, and sarcoidosis-like immune-related adverse events in metastatic melanoma are associated with improved survival and lower corticosteroid exposure.Immunotherapy advances · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in infectious diseases: therapeutic reinvigoration, immunopathology, and precision targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are toxicities resulting from use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). These side effects persist in some patients despite withholding therapy and using immunosuppressive and immune-modulating agents. Little is known about chronic irAEs and they are felt to be rare. We performed a systematic review to characterize non-endocrine chronic irAEs reported in the literature and describe their management. Ovid MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched for reports of adult patients with solid cancers treated with ICIs who experienced chronic (>12 weeks) non-endocrine irAEs. Patient, treatment and toxicity data were collected. Of 6843 articles identified, 229 studies including 323 patients met our inclusion criteria. The median age was 65 (IQR 56-72) and 58% were male. Most patients (75%) had metastatic disease and the primary cancer site was melanoma in 43% and non-small cell lung cancer in 31% of patients. The most common ICIs delivered were pembrolizumab (24%) and nivolumab (37%). The chronic irAEs experienced were rheumatological in 20% of patients, followed by neurological in 19%, gastrointestinal in 16% and dermatological in 14%. The irAE persisted for a median (range) of 180 (84-2370) days and 30% of patients had ongoing symptoms or treatment. More than half (52%) of patients had chronic irAEs that persisted for >6 months. The ICI was permanently discontinued in 60% of patients and 76% required oral and/or intravenous steroids. This is the first systematic review to assess and report on moderate/severe chronic non-endocrine irAEs after treatment with ICI in the literature. These toxicities persisted for months-years and the majority required discontinuation of therapy and initiation of immunosuppression. Further research is needed to better understand chronic irAEs, which hold potential substantial clinical significance considering the expanded use of ICIs and their integration into the (neo)adjuvant settings.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.