ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2023
Fleaborne Typhus-Associated Deaths - Los Angeles County, California, 2022.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improved Case Detection of Fleaborne Typhus by PCR Testing, Los Angeles County, California, USA, 2022-2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Rickettsiosis: existing advances and future opportunities for the development of vaccines.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Outcomes of Hospitalized and Critically Ill Adults with Murine Typhus, Galveston, Texas, USA, 2019-2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Meningoencephalitis in Flea-Borne Typhus: A Report of Two Cases and a Review of CNS Complications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Paucity of Typical Pathology: An Autopsy Series of Typhus Group Rickettsiosis-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Organ Donor Transmission of Rickettsia typhi to Kidney Transplant Recipients, Texas, USA, 2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Survey of Fleas and Ticks for Rickettsia rickettsii and Rickettsia typhi in the El Paso Community and Other Areas in Texas, New Mexico, and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- A One Health Perspective on the Resurgence of Flea-Borne Typhus in Texas in the 21st Century: Part 1: The Bacteria, the Cat Flea, Urbanization, and Climate Change.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Case Report: Murine typhus complicated by symmetrical peripheral gangrene: first report and diagnostic insights from metagenomic next-generation sequencing.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Cat Flea Coinfection withVector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Rickettsia typhi in Southern California: A Growing Flea-Borne Threat.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Severe flea-borne typhus complicated by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A case report and review of literature.IDCases · 2024Article
- Murine Typhus: A Review of a Reemerging Flea-Borne Rickettsiosis with Potential for Neurologic Manifestations and Sequalae.Infectious disease reports · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fleaborne typhus (also known as murine typhus), a widely distributed vectorborne zoonosis caused by Rickettsia typhi, is a moderately severe, but infrequently fatal illness; among patients who receive doxycycline, the case-fatality rate is <1%. Fleaborne typhus is a mandated reportable condition in California. Reported fleaborne typhus cases in Los Angeles County have been increasing since 2010, with the highest number (171) reported during 2022. During June-October 2022, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health learned of three fleaborne typhus-associated deaths. This report describes the clinical presentation, illness course, and methods used to diagnose fleaborne typhus in these three cases. Severe fleaborne typhus manifestations among these cases included hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, a rare immune hyperactivation syndrome that can occur in the infection setting; myocarditis; and septic shock with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Increased health care provider and public health awareness of the prevalence and severity of fleaborne typhus and of the importance of early doxycycline therapy is essential for prevention and treatment efforts.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.