ArticleiScience2023
Galectin-1 induces a tumor-associated macrophage phenotype and upregulates indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1.
Article in iScience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Healing mechanisms of Galectin-1 in the ischemic heart.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Review
- Tissue-Resident Macrophage in Inflammation and Cancer.MedComm · 2026Review
- From Glycocode to Precision Oncology: Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Aberrant O-GalNAc Glycosylation in Cancer.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Cancer-associated alterations in O-GalNAc glycosylation.Glycobiology · 2026Review
- Immune implications and therapeutic opportunities of tumor glycosylation.Nature cancer · 2026Review
- Glycobiology-driven therapeutic targeting of glycan-binding proteins: mechanisms, diseases, and clinical translation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Vitexin inhibits renal cell carcinoma progression by targeting Galectin-1-mediated glycolytic metabolism.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Galectins at the crossroads of tumor immunity, metabolism, and metastasis: mechanisms, therapeutic resistance, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Changes in galectin-1 expression in pulp tissue and CD68 + macrophages in irreversible pulpitis and healthy pulp.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Low-dose radiotherapy enhances the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade and induces the abscopal effect.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- The Immunomodulatory Role of Galectin-1 in the Tumour Microenvironment and Strategies for Therapeutic Applications.Cancers · 2025Review
- Selective Glycopolymer Inhibitors of Galectin-3: Supportive Anti-Cancer Agents Protecting Monocytes and Preserving Interferon-Gamma Function.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- The role of glycan-lectin interactions in the tumor microenvironment: immunosuppression regulators of colorectal cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2025Review
- Role of Galectin-1 in the Pathogenesis of Melanoma.Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics · 2025Article
- Prognostic Influence of Galectin-1 in Gastric Adenocarcinoma.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Do galectins serve as soluble ligands for immune checkpoint receptors?Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Article
- Improving cancer immunotherapy in prostate cancer by modulating T cell function through targeting the galectin-1.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in cancer drug resistance by galectin-1: cellular and molecular implications.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Galectins are a group of carbohydrate-binding proteins with a presumed immunomodulatory role and an elusive function on antigen-presenting cells. Here we analyzed the expression of galectin-1 and found upregulation of galectin-1 in the extracellular matrix across multiple tumors. Performing an in-depth and dynamic proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of human macrophages stimulated with galectin-1, we show that galectin-1 induces a tumor-associated macrophage phenotype with increased expression of key immune checkpoint protein programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1/CD274) and immunomodulator indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1). Galectin-1 induced IDO1 and its active metabolite kynurenine in a dose-dependent manner through JAK/STAT signaling. In a 3D organotypic tissue model system equipped with genetically engineered tumorigenic epithelial cells, we analyzed the cellular source of galectin-1 in the extracellular matrix and found that galectin-1 is derived from epithelial and stromal cells. Our results highlight the potential of targeting galectin-1 in immunotherapeutic treatment of human cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.