ArticleJournal of advanced veterinary and animal research2023
Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis model in the rats using bleomycin and lipopolysaccharides.
Article in Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Repositioning pentoxifylline via inhalable novasomes for pulmonary fibrosis: from statistical optimization to in-vivo evaluation.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Distinct lung functional, histological and cell senescence signatures in the single and repetitive bleomycin mouse models of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Anti-inflammatory effects of palm11-PrRP31 in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute inflammation.Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2025Article
- Current advancements in the mechanisms and animal models of acute exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to establish a rat model of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) using the combination of bleomycin (BLM) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Materials and Method: Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were allocated into two equal groups: the sham or the bleomycin and lipopolysaccharides-induced AE-IPF group (BLM-LPS). On Day 7, BLM intratracheally and LPS intraperitoneally were both used to administer AE-IPF. The BLM-LPS group and its respective sham group were terminated on Days 8, 14, or 21. Samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were taken and investigated for cell count and histopathology. Results: On Day 8, histological analysis revealed inflammatory cell infiltration with edema and hyaline membrane, and the BALF differential cell count revealed high neutrophil counts. By having a higher collagen density area and Ashcroft modified score than the sham group on Day 14, the BLM-LPS group displayed significantly lower oxygen saturation, alveolar air area, and a fibrotic appearance. However, there was a spontaneous resolution in inflammation and fibrotic appearance on Day 21 after the BLM administration. Conclusions: By combining BLM and LPS, it was possible to create a successful rat model of AE-IPF. The present model showed the peak exacerbation on Day 8 and the fibrotic peak on Day 14, which gradually improved. The optimal time for the new AE-IPF therapeutic intervention was determined to be between Days 8 and 14.
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Registered trials
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