ArticleTobacco induced diseases2023
Effect of a two-phase tobacco control regulation on incidence from ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, Shenzhen, China, 2007-2016.
Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among University Students in the United Arab Emirates: Knowledge as a Correlate of Protective Behavior-A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Textual analysis of 38 Chinese subnational tobacco control regulations against FCTC Article 8.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Improving Access to Primordial and Primary Stroke Prevention: Global Considerations.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Review
- The impacts of mask-wearing regulations on stroke morbidity and mortality: a population-based retrospective cohort study in China.BMC public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
introductionThe Shenzhen government is widely considered to be most efficiently implementing smoke-free legislation in China. We evaluated and compared the impact of Shenzhen's two-phase smoke-free regulation on the incidence rates for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
methodsAn interrupted time series design was used to capture immediate and annual incidence changes from 2007 to 2016 for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke due to two-phase smoke-free regulation in Shenzhen, China, by using a generalized additive model. The first phase, implemented on 9 March 2010, required five main public places to be smoke-free. In the second phase, the comprehensive law was expanded to the whole city on 1 March 2014.
resultsThe regulation implementation during phase I was associated with a strong immediate decline in the incidence rate of ischemic stroke (-14.2%, 95% CI: -19.6 - -8.4) and hemorrhagic stroke (-10.1%, 95% CI: -18.2 - -1.2), but without showing the annual changes (p>0.05). Following the implementation of the comprehensive law, the gradual annual effect showed a significant change in ischemic stroke, with a 6.3% (95% CI: 8.9 - -3.6) reduction. Neither the immediate nor gradual decreases in hemorrhagic stroke incidences associated with the comprehensive regulation were statistically significant during phase II (p>0.05). Subgroup analyses indicate that a much larger health effect of the regulation during phase I was greater among those aged ≥65 years than among those aged 35-64 years.
conclusionsShenzhen's two-phase smoke-free regulation was well implemented. Even though the regulation did not extend to the whole city, the immediate health benefits on the incidence rates of ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke could be seen. However, the health benefits brought by the implementation of comprehensive smoke-free legislation were attenuated by previous smoke-free regulations in five main public places, which were more evident in hemorrhagic stroke.
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