Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37532862›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of behavioral medicine2024

A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Contingency Management for Substance Use Disorders in Low and Middle Income Countries.

Mariah M Kalmin, Candice Nicolo, Wahbie Long, David Bodden, Lara Van Nunen, Steven Shoptaw, Jonathan Ipser

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of behavioral medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mariah M Kalmin *Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 1800 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1800, 90024, Los Angeles, CA, US. mkalmin@mednet.ucla.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7329-8931
Candice Nicolo *Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Wahbie LongDepartment of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
David BoddenDepartment of Environmental Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North, CA, US.
Lara Van NunenDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Steven ShoptawDepartment of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 1800 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1800, 90024, Los Angeles, CA, US.
Jonathan IpserDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Funding

Combating craving with contingency management: neuroplasticity and methamphetamine abuse in South AfricaR21DA040492 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SHOPTAW, STEVEN J · 2015 to 2017
$311k
NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA040492NIDA NIH HHS R21DA040492
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe impact of illicit substance use is especially devastating in low-resourced countries where factors such as poverty, unemployment, and inadequate services impede successful treatment. Contingency management (CM) is a treatment for substance use disorders that has shown to be effective in eliciting behaviour change. The efficacy of CM interventions in low and middle income countries (LMICs) has been under explored.

methodsThe aim of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials was to assess measures of CM efficacy in addressing substance use disorders, while also considering contextual moderators of CM in LMICs. A search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library databases yielded 18 studies for inclusion, from which relevant data were extracted using modified versions of the Cochrane Characteristics of Studies tool.

resultsTwo studies were located in a low-income country, two in lower-middle income countries, and fourteen in upper middle-income countries. Overall, estimated efficacy estimates were similar to those from higher income countries. However, context-specific challenges that warrant further investigation included limited access to trained staff and structural and financial constraints.

conclusionsWhile CM in LMICs is in its early stages of development, efficacy estimates were not substantially different compared to high income countries. Challenges such as costs, willingness to implement, and the stigma associated with addiction sets the stage for further research in these contexts.

Indexed as

Behavior TherapyDeveloping CountriesSubstance-Related DisordersHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeContingency managementLow and middle income countriesSubstance use disordersSubstance use treatment

Identifiers

PMID37532862
PMCPMC12965176

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.