Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37531788›Full record

ArticlePatient education and counseling2023

Patient understanding of pharmacogenomic test results in clinical care.

Tom A Doyle, Karen K Schmidt, Colin M E Halverson, Jesus Olivera, Abigail Garcia, Tyler A Shugg, Todd C Skaar, Peter H Schwartz

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Patient education and counseling, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Evaluation of CYP2C19 Clinical Decision Support Alerts to Guide P2YClinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Tom A DoyleIndiana University Center for Bioethics, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Karen K SchmidtIndiana University Center for Bioethics, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Colin M E HalversonIndiana University Center for Bioethics, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Jesus OliveraIndiana University Center for Bioethics, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Abigail GarciaIndiana University Center for Bioethics, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Tyler A ShuggDepartment of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Todd C SkaarDepartment of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Peter H SchwartzIndiana University Center for Bioethics, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Philosophy, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Electronic address: phschwar@iu.edu.
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis · USIndiana University School of Medicine

Funding

Investigation of the Immune-Mediated Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsK23GM147805 · NIGMS · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI Tyler A Shugg · 2022 to 2026
$836k
NIGMS NIH HHS K23 GM147805NIGMS NIH HHS L30 GM151735
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePrevious research has not objectively assessed patients' comprehension of their pharmacogenomic test results. In this study we assessed understanding of patients who had undergone cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) pharmacogenomic testing.

methods31 semi-structured interviews with patients who underwent CYP2C19 testing after cardiac catheterization and had been sent a brochure, letter, and wallet card explaining their results. Answers to Likert and binary questions were summarized with descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach, with particular focus on categorization.

resultsNo participants knew the name of the gene tested or their metabolizer status. Seven participants (23%) knew whether the testing identified any medications that would have lower effectiveness or increased adverse effects for them at standard doses ("Adequate Understanding"). Four participants (13%) read their results from the letter or wallet card they received but had no independent understanding ("Reliant on Written Materials"). Ten participants remembered receiving the written materials (32%).

conclusionA majority of participants who had undergone CYP2C19 PGx testing did not understand their results at even a minimal level and would be unable to communicate them to future providers. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Further research is necessary to improve patient understanding of PGx testing and their results, potentially through improving patient-provider communication.

Indexed as

PharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomic TestingCytochrome P-450 CYP2C19HumansCytochrome P-450 CYP2C19Clopidogrel (Plavix)CYP2C19Patient understandingPharmacogenomics

Identifiers

PMID37531788
PMCPMC11058699
OpenAlexW4384564470

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.