ArticleJournal of immigrant and minority health2023
Consequences of the 2019 Public Charge Rule Announcement and Publication on Prenatal WIC Participation Among Immigrant Families: Evidence of Spillover Effects.
Article in Journal of immigrant and minority health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- "Do Administrative Burdens Discourage Participation in WIC?" Experiences of Immigrant Mothers in Missouri.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- "This is Going to Get Worse": Immigrant Reactions to the Public Charge Rule in a Large Northeastern City.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Settlement Duration Matters: Deportation Threat and Safety Net Participation Among Mixed-Status Families.The Russell Sage Foundation journal of the social sciences : RSF · 2025Article
- Leveraging Policy Solutions for Diabetes Disparities: Suggestions for Improving the National Clinical Care Commission Report's Recommendations for Hispanic/Latino Populations.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study analyzed the effects of the announcement and publication of the 2019 Public Charge Rule on participation of the special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children (WIC) among pregnant immigrants. A difference-in-differences approach was used to analyze the changes in prenatal WIC participation before and after the 2019 Public Charge Rule announcement and publication among immigrants relative to US natives. We identified 17,623,683 live singletons born in a hospital from 2015 to 2019. Compared to US natives, the odds of prenatal WIC participation among immigrants were 11.4% lower after the 2019 Public Charge Rule announcement, and 19% lower after the final rule was published. The results of this study suggest that pregnant immigrants may decide not to participate in the WIC program due to the fear of jeopardizing their immigration status after the announcement and publication of the 2019 Public Charge Rule.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.