ArticleIndian journal of dermatology
Predictability of Nailfold Capillaroscopic Score in Diagnosing Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Utility as a Non-Invasive Tool for Differentiating from those Not Having Retinopathy: A Pilot Observational Cross-Sectional Analytical Study.
Article in Indian journal of dermatology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nailfold capillaroscopy in diabetic retinopathy: microvascular insights, clinical value, and translational challenges - a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Non-ocular biomarkers for early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy by non-invasive methods.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Association between findings in nailfold capillaroscopy and diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Article
- Microvascular Changes Are Associated with Proteinuria and EMG Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Using Video Capillaroscopy.Annals of vascular diseases · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic hyperglycaemic state associated with microvascular structural alterations. Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is an Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diameters of capillary loops and morpho-structural changes using a handheld dermatoscope in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to establish nailfold capillary changes and NFC score as a non-invasive method to identify microvascular complication in T2DM patients. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in AIIMS Rishikesh for 6 months from August 2022 to February 2023. Our study participants were 100 adults more than 18 years of age diagnosed with T2DM, based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. All patients were evaluated thoroughly for the presence of microvascular complications in the form of retinopathy. Based on this, they were divided into two groups-group 1 (T2DM with retinopathy) and group 2 (T2DM without retinopathy). Both groups were further subdivided into three subgroups based on haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c): the first group with HbA1c <7%, the second group with HbA1c 7-8.9% and the third group with HbA1c >=9%. For all the study participants, a detailed NFC was done for all 8 fingernails (excluding the thumb), using a handheld dermatoscope. Abnormal capillary shapes (ACS) were recorded by semi-quantitative score (NFC score). Results: A significant association was seen in capillary density (loops/mm) (5.83 ± 0.72 in the DR group and 6.3 ± 0.89 in the no-DR group) ( Conclusion: Our results suggest that NFC could possibly be used as an adjunctive tool in diabetics for diagnosing or monitoring microvascular complications with total NFC score being the significant predictor of DR at a cut-off point of >0 with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.745 for correctly predicting DR.
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