ReviewEFORT open reviews2023
Rehabilitation after cervical and lumbar spine surgery.
Review in EFORT open reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06046781 (The Necessity and Timing of Exercise After Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Necessity and Timing of Exercise After Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions after cervical neurosurgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Pooled it
- Early functional training is not superior to routine rehabilitation in improving walking distance and multifidus atrophy after lumbar fusion: a randomized controlled trial with 6-month follow-up.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Trial
- Rehabilitation strategies following posterior cervical decompression for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a narrative review and framework for clinical practice.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Review
- Rehabilitation modalities in ankylosing spondylitis: orthopaedic perspectives on function, bone health, and surgical safety.Journal of orthopaedics · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- The effect of postoperative rehabilitation on outcomes in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM): A systematic review.Brain & spine · 2026Review
- Repeatability and agreement of planar lumbar range of motion measured by dynamic fluoroscopy and optical motion capture in an ovine cadaveric model.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding rehabilitation among postoperative patients with spinal degenerative diseases: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Return to Activity for On- and Off-Label Cervical Arthroplasty Patients: A Multicentered Expert Panel Recommendation.International journal of spine surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of Habitual Flexion on Bone Formation After Spinal Fusion Surgery: An In Silico Study.JOR spine · 2025Article
- Therapeutic exercise following lumbar spine surgery: a narrative review.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Assessment of lumbosacral spinal curvatures before and after surgery using 3D posturography.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A comparison of conventional intervention and home-based approach with head-mounted device for cervical spondylotic myelopathy after surgery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Risk factors and treatment strategies for adjacent segment disease following spinal fusion (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Fear of movement in patients after lumbar spine fusion and an analysis of factors: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Postoperative Physical Therapy for Cervical Total Disc Replacement: A Case Report.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Postoperative Rehabilitation for Pain and Functional Recovery Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Narrative Review.Journal of pain research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The total number of spine surgeries is increasing, with a variable percentage of patients remaining symptomatic and functionally impaired after surgery. Rehabilitation has been widely recommended, although its effects remain unclear due to lack of research on this matter. The aim of this comprehensive review is to resume the most recent evidence regarding postoperative rehabilitation after spine surgery and make recommendations. The effectiveness of cervical spine surgery on the outcomes is moderate to good, so most physiatrists and surgeons agree that patients benefit from a structured postoperative rehabilitation protocol and despite best timing to start rehabilitation is still unknown, most programs start 4-6 weeks after surgery. Lumbar disc surgery has shown success rates between 78% and 95% after 2 years of follow-up. Postoperative rehabilitation is widely recommended, although its absolute indication has not yet been proven. Patients should be educated to start their own postoperative rehabilitation immediately after surgery until they enroll on a rehabilitation program usually 4-6 weeks post-intervention. The rate of lumbar interbody fusion surgery is increasing, particularly in patients over 60 years, although studies report that 25-45% of patients remain symptomatic. Despite no standardized rehabilitation program has been defined, patients benefit from a cognitive-behavioral physical therapy starting immediately after surgery with psychological intervention, patient education and gradual mobilization. Formal spine rehabilitation should begin at 2-3 months postoperatively. Rehabilitation has benefits on the recovery of patients after spine surgery, but further investigation is needed to achieve a standardized rehabilitation approach.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.