ArticleBulletin of emergency and trauma2023
The General Public Awareness of Emergency Conditions and the Services Provided by Emergency Medical Services.
Article in Bulletin of emergency and trauma, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Public awareness about the emergency conditions and services provided by emergency medical services in the Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia.International journal of emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Strengthening care for emergencies: what is the level of awareness and utilization of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in FCT, Nigeria?BMC emergency medicine · 2024Article
- The awareness of public about the Emergency Medical Services in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Considering the growing use of emergency medical services (EMS), we evaluated the level of public awareness of emergency situations in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2023 on Iranian residents in Tehran, who were older than 18 years old. The participants were directed to a URL for an online survey link and asked to select their preferred options for the predetermined scenarios. We divided the participants into three groups: abuse, misuse, and non-use. At least 12 correct answers were required to qualify as acceptable knowledge and practice responses (KP score). Then, the relationship between participants' baseline characteristics and their level of awareness was investigated. Results: Totally, 3864 people participated in the study, of whom 50.5% were men. The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 90 years old, with a mean age of 40.01±11.30 years. In general, the rate of abuse, misuse, and not-use in at least one scenario was 74.5%, 64%, and 70.4%, respectively. The results of the multivariable regression analysis indicated that female sex (OR=1.29), a higher education level (OR=3.36), a higher income level (OR=1.64), and Turkish ethnicity (OR=1.20) were significantly associated with the correct KP score. Conclusion: The degree of inappropriate utilization of EMS services in Iran was significant. We found that the proper knowledge regarding the appropriate use of EMS was significantly associated with the participant's level of education, academic field, job, and income.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.