ArticleBMC veterinary research2023
Changes in salivary biomarkers of stress, inflammation, redox status, and muscle damage due to Streptococcus suis infection in pigs.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chromogranin A and S100A12 protein measurement in hair of pigs: assay validation, changes across different production stages and comparison with other hair biomarkers.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- The Salivary Microbiota-Host Nexus: Unraveling Opportunities for Non-Invasive Monitoring of Health and Productivity in Farm Animals.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Animal Welfare-Friendly Noninvasive Oral Fluid in Swine Diagnostics: Current Applications in Disease Monitoring, Key Challenges and Future Directions.Veterinary medicine international · 2026Review
- Changes in saliva and serum analytes in domestic pigs and wild boar experimentally infected with African swine fever virus.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Effects of Tetrabasic Zinc Chloride as Alternative to High Doses of Zinc Oxide on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Intestinal Morphology, Immune Function, and Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical value of amylase and its prognostic accuracy in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).The Journal of small animal practice · 2025Article
- Changes of Cytokines in Saliva of Pigs withVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Oxytocin in horse saliva: validation of a highly sensitive assay and a pilot report about changes in equine gastric ulcer syndrome.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Use of Saliva Analytes as a Predictive Model to Detect Diseases in the Pig: A Pilot Study.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Article
- Associations between health, productive performance and oral fluid biomarkers in commercial pig farms.Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Stress Biomarkers in Pigs: Current Insights and Clinical Application.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Characterization Studies on theVeterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Cystatin C, Ammonia, and Bicarbonate Measurements in the Saliva of Pigs: Analytical Validation and Changes inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Advances in Research on Pig Salivary Analytes: A Window to Reveal Pig Health and Physiological Status.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Changes in S100A8/A9 and S100A12 and Their Comparison with Other Analytes in the Saliva of Pigs with Diarrhea Due toAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStreptococcus suis (S. suis) is a Gram-positive bacteria that infects pigs causing meningitis, arthritis, pneumonia, or endocarditis. This increases the mortality in pig farms deriving in severe economic losses. The use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid has various advantages compared to blood, especially in pigs. In this study, it was hypothesized that saliva could reflect changes in different biomarkers related to stress, inflammation, redox status, and muscle damage in pigs with S. suis infection and that changes in these biomarkers could be related to the severity of the disease.
resultsA total of 56 growing pigs from a farm were selected as infected pigs (n = 28) and healthy pigs (n = 28). Results showed increases in biomarkers related to stress (alpha-amylase and oxytocin), inflammation (haptoglobin, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4), total protein, S100A8-A9 and S100A12), redox status (advanced oxidation protein producs (AOPP)) and muscle damage (creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, troponin I, lactate, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase). An increase in adenosine deaminase (ADA), procalcitonin, and aldolase in infected animals were also observed, as previously described. The grade of severity of the disease indicated a significant positive correlation with total protein concentrations, aspartate aminotransferase, aldolase, and AOPP.
conclusionsThis report revealed that S. suis infection caused variations in analytes related to stress, inflammation, redox status, and muscle damage in the saliva of pigs and these can be considered potential biomarkers for this disease.
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