ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2023
Fractionated versus staged gamma knife radiosurgery for mid-to-large brain metastases: a propensity score-matched analysis.
Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose selection and clinical decision-making after Gamma Knife surgery for large brain metastases: implications for early identification of true progression.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Observational
- Article
- Stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: indications, dose fractionation, technological innovations, and evolving combination strategies - a comprehensive review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Limitations of outcome prediction based on interfractional volume changes of large (≥ 10cmActa neurochirurgica · 2024Article
- Predicting Tumor Dynamics Post-Staged GKRS: Machine Learning Models in Brain Metastases Prognosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo compare treatment results between fractionated gamma knife radiosurgery (f-GKRS) and staged gamma knife radiosurgery (s-GKRS) for mid-to-large brain metastases (BMs).
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed data of patients with medium (4-10 mL) to large (> 10 mL) BMs who underwent s-GKRS or f-GKRS between March 2008 and September 2022. Patients were treated with (i) s-GKRS before May 2018 and (ii) f-GKRS after May 2018. Patients who underwent follow-up magnetic resonance imaging at least once were enrolled. Case-matched studies were conducted by applying propensity score matching to minimize treatment selection bias and potential confounding. Local control (LC) was set as the primary endpoint and overall survival (OS) as the secondary endpoint.
resultsThis study included 129 patients with 136 lesions and 70 patients with 78 lesions who underwent s-GKRS and f-GKRS, respectively. Overall, 124 lesions (62 lesions in each group) were selected in the case-matched group. No differences were observed in the 6-month and 1-year cumulative incidences of LC failure between the s-GKRS and f-GKRS groups (15.6% vs. 15.9% at 6 months and 25.6% vs. 25.6% at 1 year; p = 0.617). One-year OS rates were 62.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.4-75.7%) and 73.9% (95% CI: 58.8-84.2%) in the s-GKRS and f-GKRS groups, respectively. The post-GKRS median survival time was shorter in the s-GKRS group than in the f-GKRS group (17 vs. 36 months), without significance (p = 0.202).
conclusionsThis is the first study to compare f-GKRS and s-GKRS in large BMs. Fractionation is as effective as staged GKRS for treating mid-to-large BMs.
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