ArticleACS central science2023
Direct Cytosolic Delivery of Proteins and CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing by Gemini Amphiphiles via Non-Endocytic Translocation Pathways.
Article in ACS central science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reversible surface modifications of functional proteins for accelerated cytosolic delivery via cell-penetrating peptide clusters.Nature communications · 2026Article
- An AIEgen-Based Carrier Enables Efficient Cytosolic Delivery of Bioactive Proteins.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Efficient Direct Cytosolic Protein Delivery via Protein-Linker Co-engineering.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Mechanistic Insights into the Tools for Intracellular Protein Delivery.Chem & bio engineering · 2025Review
- Antibody-Directing Antibody Conjugates (ADACs) Enabled by Orthogonal Click Chemistry for Targeted Intracellular Delivery.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Article
- Gemini Amphiphiles: Robust Cytosolic Delivery of Therapeutic Biomacromolecules through Non-Endocytic Translocation Pathways.ACS central science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of therapeutic biomacromolecules is often challenged by the poor transmembrane and limited endosomal escape. Here, we establish a combinatorial library composed of 150 molecular weight-defined gemini amphiphiles (GAs) to identify the vehicles that facilitate robust cytosolic delivery of proteins in vitro and in vivo. These GAs display similar skeletal structures but differential amphiphilicity by adjusting the length of alkyl tails, type of ionizable cationic heads, and hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of a spacer. The top candidate is highly efficient in translocating a broad spectrum of proteins with various molecular weights and isoelectric points into the cytosol. Particularly, we notice that the entry mechanism is predominantly mediated via the lipid raft-dependent membrane fusion, bypassing the classical endocytic pathway that limits the cytosolic delivery efficiency of many presently available carriers. Remarkably, the top GA candidate is capable of delivering hard-to-deliver Cas9 ribonucleoprotein in vivo, disrupting
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.