ArticleCase studies in chemical and environmental engineering2022
Evaluation of viral concentration and extraction methods for SARS-CoV-2 recovery from wastewater using droplet digital and quantitative RT-PCR.
Article in Case studies in chemical and environmental engineering, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Recent progress on wastewater-based epidemiology for COVID-19 surveillance: A systematic review of analytical procedures and epidemiological modeling.The Science of the total environment · 2023Pooled it
- Five years of wastewater surveillance reveal COVID-19-Associated amplification and seasonal shifts inOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- First Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV) in Korea.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- One Assay, Nine Targets: Advancing Viral Surveillance with Multiplex RT-ddPCR.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- The Impact of Viral Concentration Method on Quantification and Long Amplicon Nanopore Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 and Noroviruses in Wastewater.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Review on Viral RNA Extraction Strategies for Enhanced Molecular Diagnostics.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2025Review
- The effects of RT-qPCR standards on reproducibility and comparability in monitoring SARS-CoV-2 levels in wastewater.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Viruses in Wastewater-A Concern for Public Health and the Environment.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Simultaneous detection of influenza A, B and respiratory syncytial virus in wastewater samples by one-step multiplex RT-ddPCR assay.Human genomics · 2024Article
- The National Wastewater Surveillance System (NWSS): From inception to widespread coverage, 2020-2022, United States.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Optimization and performance evaluation of an automated filtration method for the recovery of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses in wastewater.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Delta SARS-CoV-2 variant is entirely substituted by the omicron variant during the fifth COVID-19 wave in Attica region.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic caused by the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in millions of deaths worldwide despite the various measures announced by the authorities. Wastewater-based epidemiology has the ability to provide a day-to-day estimation of the number of infected people in a fast and cost-effective manner. However, owing to the complex nature of wastewater, wastewater monitoring for viral genome copies is affected by the extensive viral fragmentation that takes place all the way to the sewage and the analytical lab. The aim of this study was to evaluate different methodologies for the concentration and extraction of viruses in wastewaters and to select and improve an option that maximizes the recovery of SARS-CoV-2. We compare 5 different concentration methods and 4 commercially available kits for the RNA extraction. To evaluate the performance and the recovery of these, SARS-CoV-2 isolated from patients was used as a spike control. Additionally, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in all wastewater samples was determined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and reverse transcription droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR), targeting three genetic markers (N1, N2 and N3). Using spiked samples, recoveries were estimated 2.1-37.6% using different extraction kits and 0.1-2.1% using different concentration kits. It was found that a direct capture-based method, evaluated against a variety of concentration methods, is the best in terms of recovery, time and cost. Interestingly, we noticed a good agreement between the results provided by RT-qPCR and RT-ddPCR in terms of recovery. This evaluation can serve as a guide for laboratories establishing a protocol to perform wastewater monitoring of SARS-CoV-2. Overall, data presented here reinforces the validity of WBE for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance, uncovers potential caveats in the selection of concentration and extraction protocols and points towards optimal solutions to maximize its potential.
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