ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Bispecific antibody targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 for synergistic cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Breaking the immune "cold niche" in bone metastasis: core mechanisms of the multidimensional interwoven regulatory network and precision breakthrough strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Gilteritinib overcomes second‑generation TKIs resistance in ALK‑rearranged non‑small‑cell lung cancer by inhibiting PD‑L1 and CD8 co‑expression.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Bidirectional crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor immunity: shaping the microenvironment and response to immune checkpoint therapy.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Elevated lactate production exacerbates PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis by stabilizing TGF-β1.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Induced proximity-based therapeutic modalities.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Pipe dream to pipeline: Journey of cancer vaccines and the road ahead.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Review
- Triple targeting of STING, TGF-β, and PD-L1 boosts CXCL16-CXCR6 signaling for potent antitumor response.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cribriform Plate Microenvironment Assembles a Suppressive Myeloid Network during EAE-induced Neuroinflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A novel bispecific antibody targeting OX40L and TNFα for the targeted treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Antibody therapeutics · 2026Article
- Review
- The multidimensional regulatory network of the PD‑1/PD‑L1 axis in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment: Implications for novel combination therapies and precision immunotherapy (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts at the crossroads of tumor progression and therapy resistance: from heterogeneity to precision reprogramming.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2025Review
- Review
- Bispecific Antibody and Antibody-Drug Conjugate as Novel Candidates for Treating Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Targeted protein degradation with small molecules for cancer immunotherapy.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- Emerging Immunotherapy Targets in Early Drug Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Multispecific Antibodies Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in Cancer.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Article
- Advances in Antibody-Based Immune-Stimulating Drugs: Driving Innovation in Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cancer immune evasion, and the use of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies represents a significant milestone in cancer immunotherapy. However, the low response rate observed in unselected patients and the development of therapeutic resistance remain major obstacles to their clinical application. Accumulating studies showed that overexpressed TGF-β is another immunosuppressive factor apart from traditional immune checkpoints. Actually, the effects of PD-1 and TGF-β pathways are independent and interactive, which work together contributing to the immune evasion of cancer cell. It has been verified that blocking TGF-β and PD-L1 simultaneously could enhance the efficacy of PD-L1 monoclonal antibody and overcome its treatment resistance. Based on the bispecific antibody or fusion protein technology, multiple bispecific and bifunctional antibodies have been developed. In the preclinical and clinical studies, these updated antibodies exhibited potent anti-tumor activity, superior to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapies. In the review, we summarized the advances of bispecific antibodies targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy. We believe these next-generation immune checkpoint inhibitors would substantially alter the cancer treatment paradigm, especially in anti-PD-1/PD-L1-resistant patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.