Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37519917›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of transgender health2023

Transgender-specific COVID-19-related stressors and their association with depressive symptoms among transgender adults: A nationwide cross-sectional survey in South Korea.

Hyemin Lee, Arjee J Restar, Don Operario, Sungsub Choo, Carl G Streed, Horim Yi, Ranyeong Kim, Yun-Jung Eom, Seung-Sup Kim

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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of transgender health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Hyemin LeeDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Arjee J RestarDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Don OperarioDepartment of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Sungsub ChooInterdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Carl G StreedCenter for Transgender Medicine and Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Horim YiDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Ranyeong KimInterdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Yun-Jung EomInterdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Seung-Sup KimDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.

Funding

Johns Hopkins HIV Epidemiology and Prevention Sciences Training ProgramT32AI102623 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Shruti H Mehta · 2013 to 2026
$5.3M
NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI102623
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted marginalized groups, including transgender populations, reproducing and exacerbating inequalities and vulnerabilities that existed in those groups prior to the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of transgender-specific COVID-19-related stressors and their association with depressive symptoms among South Korean transgender adults. Methods: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study of 564 South Korean transgender adults (trans women, trans men, and nonbinary people) from October 7 to October 31, 2020. We measured four transgender-specific COVID-19-related stressors as follows: (A) had difficulty receiving gender-affirming healthcare due to economic hardship related to COVID-19, (B) had difficulty receiving gender-affirming healthcare due to limited access to hospitals under the COVID-19 situation, (C) had difficulty purchasing a public face mask due to gender information on an identification card, and (D) avoided getting a COVID-19 test in fear of unfair treatment and dirty looks due to gender identity, despite having COVID-19 symptoms. Past-week depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale. Results: Of the total participants, 30.7% experienced any of the four transgender-specific COVID-19-related stressors, and 70.2% were classified as having depressive symptoms during the past week. We found statistically significant associations with depressive symptoms among participants who reported that they had difficulty receiving gender-affirming healthcare due to either economic hardship (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.20, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.05-1.37) or limited access to hospitals (aPR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.00-1.32), respectively. Furthermore, those who had two or more of the four transgender-specific COVID-19-related stressors were 1.21 times (95% CI = 1.05-1.40) more likely to report depressive symptoms, compared to those who did not report any stressor. Conclusion: Transgender-specific COVID-19-related stressors may negatively influence depressive symptoms among South Korean transgender adults. Given these findings, transgender-inclusive interventions should be implemented at the policy level during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea.

Indexed as

COVID-19depressive symptomsgender minoritymental healthSouth Koreasurveytransgender individuals

Identifiers

PMID37519917
PMCPMC10373603

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