Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37519638›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2023

Bioinformatics-based prediction and screening of immunogenic epitopes of

Fariha Ayub, Haroon Ahmed, Tehreem Sohail, Khuram Shahzad, Figen Celik, Xu Wang, Sami Simsek, Jianping Cao

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Computational vaccine development against protozoa.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Construction and biological function ofZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Proteomics Applications inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Fariha AyubDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Chakh Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Haroon AhmedDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Chakh Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Tehreem SohailDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Chakh Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Khuram ShahzadDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Chakh Shahzad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Figen CelikDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
Xu WangNational Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.
Sami SimsekDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
Jianping CaoNational Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.
COMSATS University Islamabad · PKFırat University · TRNational Institute for Parasitic Diseases · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is a well-known zoonotic disease caused by Aims and objectives: This study aimed to predict and analyse candidate immunogenic epitopes for vaccine development by evaluating the physio-chemical properties, multiple sequence alignment, secondary and tertiary structures, phosphorylation sites, transmembrane domains, and signal peptides, of Methods: To find immunogenic epitopes of rhoptry proteins, numerous bioinformatics web servers were used containing multiple sequence alignment, physiochemical properties, antigenicity and allergenicity, post-translational modification sites (PTMs), signal peptides, transmembrane domains, secondary and tertiary structures, and screening of predicted epitopes. We evaluated immunogenic linear B-cell epitopes as candidate proteins for vaccine development. Results: Nine epitopes were identified for each protein, and analysis of immunogenicity, revealed three candidate epitopes for ROP7, one for ROP21, and four for ROP22. Among all candidate epitopes, ROP22 contained the most immunogenic epitopes with immunogenicity score of 0.50575. Conclusion: We acquired detailed information on predicted immunogenic epitopes using in-silico methods. The results provide a foundation for further experimental analysis of toxoplasmosis, and potential vaccine development.

Indexed as

BioinformaticsEpitopeRhoptry proteinsROP21ROP22ROP7Toxoplasma gondiiVaccine

Identifiers

PMID37519638
PMCPMC10372672
OpenAlexW4383956686

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.