ArticleFrontiers in psychology2023
The influence of a color themed HMI on trust and take-over performance in automated vehicles.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- When Self-Reference Diminishes in Competition: The Enduring Impact of Emotional Valence and Color.Scandinavian journal of psychology · 2026Article
- From perceived typicality of in-vehicle stylistic cues to autonomous vehicle acceptance: the roles of perceived behavioral control and trust.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- A Review of Methods for Predicting Driver Take-Over Time in Conditionally Automated Driving.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Social Collaboration Does Not Shape the Effects Caused by Self-Encoding: Evidence From Ongoing and Enduring Collaboration.PsyCh journal · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: SAE Level 3 is known as conditional driving automation. As long as certain conditions are met, there is no need to supervise the technology and the driver can engage in non-driving related tasks (NDRTs). However, a human driver must be present and alert to take over when the automation is facing its system limits. When such an emergency takes place, the automation uses the human machine interface (HMI) to send a take-over request (TOR) to the driver. Methods: We investigated the influence of a color themed HMI on the trust and take-over performance in automated vehicles. Using a driving simulator, we tested 45 participants divided in three groups with a baseline auditory HMI and two advanced color themed HMIs consisting of a display and ambient lighting with the colors red and blue. Trust in automation was assessed using questionnaires while take-over performance was assessed through response time and success rate. Results: Compared to the baseline HMI, the color themed HMI is more trustworthy, and participants understood their driving tasks better. Results show that the color themed HMI is perceived as more pleasant compared to the baseline HMI and leads to shorter reaction times. Red ambient lighting is seen as more urging than blue, but HMI color did not significantly affect the general HMI perception and TOR performance. Discussion: Further research can explore the use of color and other modalities to express varying urgency levels and validate findings in complex on road driving conditions.
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