ReviewJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology2023
Second-hand smoke exposure and cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondhand smoke exposure and human health: an umbrella review.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Smoking and oral and pharyngeal cancer: a meta-analysis.Oncology reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Association between second-hand smoke exposure and lung cancer risk in never-smokers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024Pooled it
- Changes in Smoking Patterns and Cervical Cancer Risk: Preventive Implications from a Nationwide Japanese Cohort.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Smoking exposure and cervical cancer risk: Integrating observational and genetic evidence.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Observational
- Human Papillomavirus and Other Relevant Issues in Cervical Cancer Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Analysis of the direct economic impact of smoking-related hospitalizations in Italy.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Association between secondhand smoke and liver injury among US non-smoking adults: Mediation analysis of body mass index in the NHANES.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Analysis of Parents' Attitudes and Knowledge toward Immunization and How These Factors Influence Their Decisions to Vaccinate Their Children against Human Papilloma Virus (HPV).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe association between second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure and cervical cancer (CC) risk is still unclear. The aim of this study is to provide an accurate and updated estimate of this association.
methodsThrough an original methodology to identify original publications, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all epidemiological studies published up to October 2022 evaluating the association between SHS exposure and CC risk among female non-smokers. Meta-analytic estimates were obtained using random-effects models and dose-response relationships were derived using log-linear functions.
resultsOut of 25 eligible studies, 21 were included in the meta-analysis, providing a pooled relative risk (RR) of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) of grade 2 or higher of 1.52 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.30-1.78, 21 studies) for overall SHS exposure versus non-exposure. When restricting the analysis to invasive CC, the pooled RR was 1.42 (95% CI 1.17-1.71, 13 studies), whereas the pooled RR for CIN was 1.50 (95% CI 1.22-1.84, 6 studies). Analyzing RR by setting or source of SHS exposure resulted in significant associations with CC risk for SHS exposure at home (RR for CIN2+ 1.49, 95% CI 1.21-1.84, 14 studies), in non-specified settings (RR for CIN2+ 1.64, 95% CI 1.20-2.23, 8 studies) and from partner (RR for CIN2+ 1.55, 95% CI 1.25-1.94, 10 studies). The risk of CIN2+ significantly increased linearly with the intensity and pack-years of SHS exposure.
conclusionThis comprehensive review and meta-analysis confirmed the association of SHS exposure with CC, further suggesting the need to raise concern about SHS exposure in the population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.