ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2023
Smoking behavior change and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influencing factors of stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Simulated Risk Factor Management on Cardiovascular Disease and Costs in Type 2 Diabetes Using the ABC Model.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Smoking status and cessation duration in relation to the progression of cardio-renal-metabolic multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Smoking as a causative factor in chronic kidney disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Renal failure · 2025Article
- PCSK9 Inhibitors: A Potential Priority Choice for Lipid Management in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease.Drugs · 2025Review
- Impact of smoking and physical activity on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes across steatotic liver disease categories.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mortality and cardiovascular disease after cholecystectomy in type 2 diabetes: A nationwide longitudinal cohort study.Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a novel glucolipid metabolism-related nomogram to enhance the predictive performance for osteoporosis complications in prediabetic and diabetic patients.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Association between life's crucial 9 and severe abdominal aortic calcification in U.S. Adults: the mediating role of the systemic inflammatory response index.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Addiction to Smartphone Use in Smokers Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes in Jordan: Are Their Medications Involved?Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The mediating role of inflammation in the association between cotinine levels and remnant cholesterol: a cross-sectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and abdominal aortic calcification in adults: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure and effect modification of risk factors for short-term mortality: An observational study from the Registro Colombiano de Falla Cardíaca (RECOLFACA).Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2024Observational
- Healthy lifestyle decreases the risk of the first incidence of non-communicable chronic disease and its progression to multimorbidity and its mediating roles of metabolic components: a prospective cohort study in China.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2024Review
- The impact of chronic disease diagnoses on smoking behavior change and maintenance: Evidence from China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Obesity- and lipid-related indices as a predictor of type 2 diabetes in a national cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe aimed to examine the association between smoking behavior change and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
methodsThis study used nationwide data from the Korean National Health Insurance System and included 349,137 T2DM patients who smoked. Smoking behavior changes were defined with five groups: quitters, reducers I (≥ 50% reduction), reducers II (20-50% reduction), sustainers (± 20%), and increasers (≥ 20% increase) from the number of cigarettes/day at the baseline.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 5.1 years, 6,514 cases of myocardial infarction (MI) (1.9%), 7,837 cases of ischemic stroke (IS) (2.2%), and 14,932 deaths (4.3%) were identified. Quitters had a significantly decreased risk of MI (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.80, 95% CI 0.75-0.86) and IS (aHR 0.80, 95% CI 0.75-0.85) compared to sustainers, whereas reducers did not have a significant association with the risk of MI (aHR 1.03, 95% CI 0.94-1.13) and IS (aHR 1.00, 95% CI 0.92-1.08) in reducer I. Quitters also had a lower all-cause and CVD mortality than sustainers.
conclusionsSmoking cessation was associated with decreased CVD incidence, and all-cause and CVD mortality among T2DM patients. However, smoking reduction was not associated with decreased risks for these.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.