Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37516281›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of hospital infection2023

Hand hygiene compliance and associated factors among healthcare workers in selected tertiary-care hospitals in Bangladesh.

M G D Harun, M M U Anwar, S A Sumon, T M Mohona, M Z Hassan, A Rahman, S A H M Abdullah, M S Islam, L P Oakley, P Malpiedi and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of hospital infection, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
7.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

M G D HarunInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Electronic address: dostogirharun@icddrb.org.
M M U AnwarDepartment of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
S A SumonInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
T M MohonaInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
M Z HassanInfectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
A RahmanCommunicable Disease Control, Directorate General of Health Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
S A H M AbdullahSafetyNet, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
M S IslamThe Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
L P OakleyDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA.
P MalpiediDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA.
S C Kaydos-DanielsBangladesh Country Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
A R StyczynskiDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA.
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research · BDCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USDirectorate General of Health Services · BDUniversity of Dhaka · BDUNSW Sydney · AU

Funding

CGH CDC HHS U51 GH001209Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHand hygiene (HH) is a fundamental element of patient safety. Adherence to HH among healthcare workers (HCWs) varies greatly depending on a range of factors, including risk perceptions, institutional culture, auditing mechanisms, and availability of HH supplies.

aimsThis study aimed to evaluate HH compliance and associated factors among HCWs in selected tertiary-care hospitals in Bangladesh.

methodsDuring September 2020 to May 2021, we conducted non-participatory observations at 10 tertiary-care hospitals using the WHO's '5-moments for hand hygiene tool' to record HH compliance among physicians, nurses and cleaning staff. We also performed semi-structured interviews to determine the key barriers to complying with HH.

resultsWe observed 14,668 hand hygiene opportunities. The overall HH compliance was 25.3%, the highest among nurses (28.5%), and the lowest among cleaning staff (9.9%). HCWs in public hospitals had significantly higher odds of complying with HH practices than those in private hospitals (adjusted odds ratio: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.55-1.93). The odds of performing HH after touching a patient were 3.36 times higher compared with before touching a patient (95% CI: 2.90-3.90). The reported key barriers to performing HH were insufficient supplies (57.9%), skin reactions (26.3%), workload (26.3%) and lack of facilities (22.7%). Overall, observed HH supplies were available in 81.7% of wards for physicians and 95.1% of wards for nurses, however, no designated HH facilities were found for the cleaning staff.

conclusionsHH compliance among HCWs fell significantly short of the standard for safe patient care. Inadequate HH supplies demonstrate a lack of prioritizing, promoting and investing in infection prevention and control.

Indexed as

Cross InfectionHand HygieneBangladeshGuideline AdherenceHealth PersonnelHumansInfection ControlTertiary Care CentersBangladeshHand hygieneHealthcare-associated infectionHealthcare workersResource-constrained settings

Identifiers

PMID37516281
PMCPMC11149335
OpenAlexW4385358587

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.