ArticleViruses2023
Atypical Hepatitis B Virus Serology Profile-Hepatitis B Surface Antigen-Positive/Hepatitis B Core Antibody-Negative-In Hepatitis B Virus/HIV Coinfected Individuals in Botswana.
Article in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among People Living with Advanced HIV Disease in Botswana.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- A Review of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Co-Infection in Botswana.Viruses · 2026Review
- Prevalence and determinants of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and liver injury among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in the Upper East Region of Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Atypical hepatitis B surface antigen escape mutations in an HIV-positive patient in South Africa.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies to hepatitis B virus core antigen in the clinical classification and epidemiological surveillance of HBV infection.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies to hepatitis B virus core antigen in the clinical classification and epidemiological surveillance of HBV infection.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Impact of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection on the Selection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Mutations.Genes · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
(1) Background: Hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) are a marker of hepatitis B virus (HBV) exposure; hence, a normal HBV serology profile is characterized by HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HBc positivity. However, atypical HBV serologies occur, and we aimed to determine the prevalence of an atypical profile (HBsAg+/anti-HBc-) in a cohort of people with HIV-1 (PWH) in Botswana. (2) Methods: Plasma samples from an HIV-1 cohort in Botswana (2013-2018) were used. The samples were screened for HBsAg and anti-HBc. Next-generation sequencing was performed using the GridION platform. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Chi-squared tests were used for the comparison of continuous and categorical variables, respectively. (3) Results: HBsAg+/anti-HBc- prevalence was 13.7% (95% CI 10.1-18.4) (36/263). HBsAg+/anti-HBc- participants were significantly younger (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.