Observational studySensors (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Changes in Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability, Breathing Rate, and Skin Temperature throughout Pregnancy and the Impact of Emotions-A Longitudinal Evaluation Using a Sensor Bracelet.
Observational study in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- A review of current capabilities and future directions in machine-based emotion recognition.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- Pregnant Women's Experiences and Perceptions of the Impact of Exercise on Mental Health During Pregnancy-A Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The ANI monitor's "Energy" variable detects autonomic state modification during general anesthesia, sedation and spinal anesthesia: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- Temporal Trajectories in Sleep, Temperature Trends, Cardiorespiratory, and Activity Metrics Measured via Oura Ring During Pregnancy: Large-Scale Observational Analysis.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2025Observational
- Integrating traditional Chinese pulse diagnosis with machine learning: novel approaches for pregnancy and coronary heart disease identification.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Heterogeneous effects of physical activity on physiological stress during pregnancy.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review of Studies Reporting Heart Rate Variability Measurement Among Pregnant and Postpartum People Using Wearable Technology.Biological research for nursing · 2025Article
- Depressive symptoms and heart rate variability in perinatal women: A narrative review.Japan journal of nursing science : JJNS · 2025Review
- Circadian rhythm of heart rate and heart rate variability in pregnancy.npj women's health · 2025Article
- Trends in sensor-based health metrics during and after pregnancy: descriptive data from the apple women's health study.AJOG global reports · 2024Article
- A Wireless and Wearable Multimodal Sensor to Non-Invasively Monitor Transabdominal Placental Oxygen Saturation and Maternal Physiological Signals.Biosensors · 2024Article
- Wearable Sensors, Data Processing, and Artificial Intelligence in Pregnancy Monitoring: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
(1) Background: Basic vital signs change during normal pregnancy as they reflect the adaptation of maternal physiology. Electronic wearables like fitness bracelets have the potential to provide vital signs continuously in the home environment of pregnant women. (2) Methods: We performed a prospective observational study from November 2019 to November 2020 including healthy pregnant women, who recorded their wrist skin temperature, heart rate, heart rate variability, and breathing rate using an electronic wearable. In addition, eight emotions were assessed weekly using five-point Likert scales. Descriptive statistics and a multivariate model were applied to correlate the physiological parameters with maternal emotions. (3) Results: We analyzed data from 23 women using the electronic wearable during pregnancy. We calculated standard curves for each physiological parameter, which partially differed from the literature. We showed a significant association of several emotions like feeling stressed, tired, or happy with the course of physiological parameters. (4) Conclusions: Our data indicate that electronic wearables are helpful for closely observing vital signs in pregnancy and to establish modern curves for the physiological course of these parameters. In addition to physiological adaptation mechanisms and pregnancy disorders, emotions have the potential to influence the course of physiological parameters in pregnancy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.