Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37514178›Full record

ReviewPharmaceutics2023

Colour of Medicines and Children's Acceptability? A Systematic Literature Review of Children's Perceptions about Colours of Oral Dosage Forms.

Elisa Alessandrini, Milena Gonakova, Hannah Batchelor, Sveinbjorn Gizurarson, Sonia Iurian, Sandra Klein, Daniel Schaufelberger, Roy Turner, Jennifer Walsh, Catherine Tuleu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Elisa AlessandriniDepartment of Pharmaceutics, University College London School of Pharmacy, London WC1N 1AX, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4594-5721
Milena GonakovaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, University College London School of Pharmacy, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
Hannah BatchelorStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8729-9951
Sveinbjorn GizurarsonFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID 0000-0001-7824-9752
Sonia IurianDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Sandra KleinDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7356-5780
Daniel SchaufelbergerSchool of Medicine, Neurology, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA.
Roy TurnerIdorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland.
Jennifer WalshJenny Walsh Consulting Ltd., East Midlands Chamber, Nottingham NG1 1GF, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0804-3430
Catherine TuleuDepartment of Pharmaceutics, University College London School of Pharmacy, London WC1N 1AX, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8384-357X

Funding

Innovative Medicine Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking 777389
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The colour of a product plays an important role in consumer experiences, and in the context of pharmaceutical products, this could potentially affect a patient's expectations, behaviours, and adherence. Several studies have been conducted on adults, but little is known about children's opinions on colours of medicines and to what extent medicines' colour affects their acceptability. To address this gap, a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science was conducted. Two authors independently screened the titles, abstracts, and references of all articles and selected studies conducted on children (0-18 years old), assessing children's preferences or opinions about colour of oral dosage forms as either a primary or secondary objective or as an anecdotal record. A total of 989 publications were identified and, after screening, 18 publications were included in the review. Red and pink were the most liked colours and there appeared to be a relationship between the colour of a medicine and expected taste/flavour. The review also highlighted a scarcity of information, usually collected as an anecdotal record. Several gaps in the current knowledge were underlined, emphasizing the need of patient-centred studies to understand if the use of certain colours can improve or worsen the acceptability of a paediatric medicine. This will help inform pharmaceutical manufacturers and regulators on the role and need of colours in children's medicines beyond quality purposes.

Indexed as

childrencolouroral medicinespreferences

Identifiers

PMID37514178
PMCPMC10384887

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.