ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2023
A Prior Usutu Virus Infection Can Protect Geese from Severe West Nile Disease.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Usutu virus promotes West Nile virus replication in Culex pipiens biotype molestus during simultaneous and sequential co-infections.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Susceptibility of wild and domestic songbirds to Usutu virus.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- An Overview of Avian Vaccination Options in Zoological Collections in Europe.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- First report of Usutu virus fatal infections in Chilean tinamous (Nothoprocta perdicaria), brahminy starlings (Sturnia pagodarum), and multiple other bird species in zoological gardens and wildlife in the Czech Republic.One health outlook · 2026Article
- One Health approach uncovers emergence and dynamics of Usutu and West Nile viruses in the Netherlands.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Serological differentiation of West Nile, Usutu, and tick-borne encephalitis virus antibodies in birds and horses using mutant E protein ELISAs.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cross-protection against St. Louis encephalitis virus and Usutu virus by West Nile virus convalescent plasma.Virology · 2025Article
- Article
- Cross-Protection between West Nile Virus and Emerging Flaviviruses in Wild Birds.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Epidemiology, surveillance and diagnosis of Usutu virus infection in the EU/EEA, 2012 to 2021.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Review
- Long-Term Humoral Immune Response After West Nile Virus Convalescence in Horses in a Geographic Area of Multiple Orthoflavivirus Co-Circulation.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Usutu virus (USUV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are closely related pathogens circulating between mosquitoes and birds, but also infecting mammals as dead-end hosts. Both viruses share the same susceptible hosts, vectors, and even distribution areas in Central Europe. The aim of the study was, therefore, to understand their amplification potential and interference upon a successive infection. Two-week old geese were initially infected with an USUV isolate from Germany and with a German WNV isolate17 days later. The geese were susceptible to the USUV and the WNV infections, as evidenced by specific flavivirus antibodies in all of the birds. Furthermore, in half of the USUV-inoculated geese, USUV genomes were detected in the blood and swab samples 2-4 days post-infection. Additionally, most of the examined organs contained USUV genomes and showed signs of encephalitis and ganglioneuritis. Interestingly, upon a sequential infection with WNV, the genome copy numbers in all of the examined samples were significantly lower and less frequent than after a WNV mono-infection. Similarly, the histopathological lesions were less severe. Therefore, it can be concluded that a previous USUV infection can protect birds from clinical disease in a subsequent WNV infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.