Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37512605›Full record

ArticleMicromachines2023

A Compact Rat-Race Coupler with Harmonic Suppression for GSM Applications: Design and Implementation Using Artificial Neural Network.

Salah I Yahya, Saeed Roshani, Mohammad Ami, Yazeed Yasin Ghadi, Muhammad Akmal Chaudhary, Sobhan Roshani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Micromachines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Salah I YahyaDepartment of Communication and Computer Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq.ORCID 0000-0002-2724-5118
Saeed RoshaniDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah 6718997551, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-4024-2755
Mohammad AmiDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah 6718997551, Iran.
Yazeed Yasin GhadiSoftware Engineering and Computer Science Department, Al Ain University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0002-7121-495X
Muhammad Akmal ChaudharyDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0001-6063-3377
Sobhan RoshaniDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah 6718997551, Iran.ORCID 0000-0001-5088-499X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this paper, a compact microstrip rat-race coupler at a 950 MHz operating frequency is designed, simulated, and fabricated. New branches are proposed in this design using high-/low- impedance open-ended resonators. In the conventional rat-race coupler, there are three long λ/4 branches and a 3λ/4 branch, and they occupy a very large area. In the presented designed, three compact branches are proposed for use instead of three λ/4 branches and an ultra-compact branch is suggested for use instead of the 3λ/4 branch. Additionally, an artificial neural network (ANN) approach is incorporated to improve the performance of the resonators using a radial basis function (RBF) network. The proposed compact structure has achieved a reduction of more than 82% compared with the size of the conventional coupler structures. Additionally, the proposed coupler can suppress the 2nd up to the 5th harmonic to improve the performance of the device.

Indexed as

filterGSMneural networkrate race couplerresonator

Identifiers

PMID37512605
PMCPMC10384370

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.