ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder at Adolescent Age.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral Blood Monocytes as Biomarkers of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Pooled it
- Multinutrient Supplementation in Children With ADHD Reduced Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Immune Factors in the MADDY Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Trial
- Neuroinflammatory Response to Postnatal Administration of Valproic Acid in Wistar Rats as a Mechanism for the Development of Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Role of Neutrophils.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- The association between inflammatory markers in routine blood counts at 1 year and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A case-control study.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Peripheral Hematological and Immune-Endocrine Markers in Children with Specific Learning Disorder: An Exploratory Retrospective Case-Control Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Inflammatory cytokine alterations in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Review
- Physical Fitness Profiles Among Children and Adolescents With ADHD and ASD: A Comparison With Typically Developing Peers.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- The immune system's role in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder development.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Differentiating Acute Appendicitis From Other Acute Abdomen and Predicting Disease Severity: A Prospective Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Selective Hematological Profiles in Drug-Naïve Early Autism: Clinical and Developmental Correlates.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Role of IL-6 gene polymorphisms in children with autism spectrum disorders.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Associations Between Dietary Patterns, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Behavioral Symptoms in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Exploratory Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Cytokines and adolescent anorexia nervosa: a case-control study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Plasma clusterin levels in autism spectrum disorder: bridging biomarkers to social and cognitive dysfunctions.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Cognitive dysfunction in MASLD is linked to platelet activation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Observed improvements in immune parameters and behavioral symptoms following low-dose IL-2 treatment in four autistic children with immune dysfunction.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Photobiomodulation as a therapeutic approach for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in model rats.Lasers in medical science · 2025Article
- The Emerging Role of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors in Fragile X Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Causal Relationships Between Inflammatory Proteins, Brain Structure, and Psychiatric Disorders: A Two-Step Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- Hematological Inflammatory Markers Across Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Preliminary Findings of an Observational Retrospective Study.Brain sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with immune dysregulation. We aimed to estimate the pro- and anti-inflammatory activity/balance in ASD and ADHD patients at a little-studied adolescent age with respect to sex. We evaluated 20 ASD patients (5 girls, average age: 12.4 ± 1.9 y), 20 ADHD patients (5 girls, average age: 13.4 ± 1.8 y), and 20 age- and gender-matched controls (average age: 13.2 ± 1.9 y). The evaluated parameters included (1) white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume, and derived ratios, as well as (2) cytokines-interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and derived profiles and ratios. ASD adolescents showed higher levels of WBC, monocytes, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, macrophages (M)1 profile, and anti-inflammatory profile than the controls, with ASD males showing higher monocytes, IL-6 and IL-10, anti-inflammatory profile, and a lower T-helper (Th)1/Th2+T-regulatory cell ratio than control males. The ADHD adolescents showed higher levels of PDW, IL-1β and IL-6, TNF-α, M1 profile, proinflammatory profile, and pro-/anti-inflammatory ratio than the controls, with ADHD females showing a higher TNF-α and pro-/anti-inflammatory ratio than the control females and ADHD males showing higher levels of IL-1β and IL-6, TNF-α, and M1 profile than the control males. Immune dysregulation appeared to be different for both neurodevelopmental disorders in adolescence.
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Registered trials
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