ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Blue-Light Fundus Autofluorescence (BAF), an Essential Modality for the Evaluation of Inflammatory Diseases of the Photoreceptors: An Imaging Narrative.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a game-changer in the diagnosis of unique intraocular infections.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Choroidal vasculitis as a biomarker of inflammation of the choroid. Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICGA) spearheading for diagnosis and follow-up, an imaging tutorial.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2024Review
- Opposing pathophysiological concepts in multiple evanescent white dot syndrome: The great MEWDS schism.Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological SocietyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Our purpose is to describe blue-light fundus autofluorescence (BAF) features of inflammatory diseases of the outer retina characterised by photoreceptor damage. BAF from patients diagnosed with secondary and primary inflammatory photoreceptor damage were retrospectively analyzed and compared to other imaging modalities including fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS), idiopathic multifocal choroiditis (MFC), acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), serpiginous choroiditis (SC), and acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC), all cases corresponding to secondary photoreceptor diseases caused by inflammatory choriocapillaris nonperfusion, were included and compared to primary photoreceptor disease entities, including acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) and cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR). Both groups showed increased BAFs of variable intensity. In severe cases of APMPPE and ASPPC, BAF also showed hypoautofluorescent areas. In group 1 (secondary diseases) BAF hyperautofluorescent areas were associated with colocalized ICGA hypofluorescent areas, indicating choriocapillaris nonperfusion; whereas in group 2 (primary diseases), no ICGA signs were detected. The associated colocalized areas of hypofluorescence on ICGA in the first group, which were absent in the second group, were crucial to allow the differentiation between primary (photoreceptoritis) and secondary (choriocapillaritis) photoreceptor diseases. BAF patterns in inflammatory diseases of the outer retina can give relevant information on the photoreceptor and RPE involvement, with ICGA being crucial to detect concurring choriocapillaris damage and differentiating the two pathologies.
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Registered trials
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