Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37508190›Full record

ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Antibiotic Dispensing amongst Pharmacists in Trinidad and Tobago: Exploring a Novel Dichotomy of Antibiotic Laws.

Rajeev P Nagassar, Amanda Carrington, Darren K Dookeeram, Keston Daniel, Roma J Bridgelal-Nagassar

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Rajeev P NagassarDepartment of Microbiology, The Sangre Grande Hospital, The Eastern Regional Health Authority, Sangre Grande, Trinidad and Tobago.ORCID 0000-0001-9946-6035
Amanda CarringtonDepartment of Health Sciences, The University of Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago.
Darren K DookeeramDepartment of Emergency Medicine, The Sangre Grande Hospital, The Eastern Regional Health Authority, Sangre Grande, Trinidad and Tobago.ORCID 0000-0002-3860-3611
Keston DanielThe Public Health Observatory, The Eastern Regional Health Authority, Sangre Grande, Trinidad and Tobago.
Roma J Bridgelal-NagassarManager, Medical Research and Audit, Directorate of Women's Health, The Ministry of Health, Trinidad and Tobago.
Ministry of Health · TTRegional Health · USUniversity of Trinidad and Tobago · TT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The inappropriate consumption, use, and dispensing of antibiotics are problems faced globally, with a pattern of inappropriate consumption differing in higher-income countries due to the ease of accessibility of antibiotics. The main drivers of consumption and inappropriate use are the over-the-counter sales of antibiotics by pharmacies. Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), a twin island state in the Caribbean, has two Acts of Parliament that regulate antibiotics: the Antibiotics Act and the Food and Drug Act, yet the Over-the-Counter (OTC) sale of antibiotics still exists. This study sought to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the OTC dispensing of antibiotics in T&T. A cross-sectional study gathered data from pharmacists in both the private and public sectors of Trinidad over 7 months. The results showed that antibiotic resistance and antibiotic abuse were seen as significant problems. The level of experience, gender (female), and age (younger) were significantly associated with having good overall knowledge of good dispensing habits and antibiotic laws (

Indexed as

antibioticsdispensinglawslegislationspharmacists

Identifiers

PMID37508190
PMCPMC10376728
OpenAlexW4382136860

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.