ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2023
N-acetylcysteine Pharmacology and Applications in Rare Diseases-Repurposing an Old Antioxidant.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Obesity and Age Elevate Tissue-Resident Microbiota Akkermansia muciniphila to Induce Oxidative Stress and Promote Breast Cancer Risk.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Unravelling the Therapeutic Potential of Cysteine for Cardiovascular Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Glutathione Biology in Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms, Pathophysiological Roles, and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- N-acetylcysteine suppresses retinal defects in Drosophila models of SNRNP200-associated retinitis pigmentosa.Human molecular genetics · 2026Article
- pH-Responsive Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Encapsulating Hesperidin-Selenium Nanoparticles Attenuate Paracetamol-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Keap-1/Nrf2, NF-κB, and Mitochondrial Apoptosis Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Chiral Nanoparticles Suppress Inflammatory Infiltration to Promote Extracellular Matrix Remodeling for Ectopia Lentis Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- N-Acetylcysteine in Endometriosis: A Systematic Review of Biological Rationale and Clinical Evidence.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- N-Acetylcysteine Reduces Alveolar Bone Loss and Mitigates Systemic Oxidative Damage in Rats With Apical Periodontitis.International endodontic journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Cysteine and Its Derivatives in Dermatology.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Benfotiamine promotes diabetic wound healing by modulating Trisk95 and reducing oxidative stress.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Synaptic aging and neurodegeneration: the role of synaptic vesicle dynamics and neurotransmitter imbalance.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Oxidative stress and antioxidant therapeutics in autism spectrum disorder: a biochemical and structure-activity relationship perspective.Molecular diversity · 2026Review
- Mitochondria as Inducers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.Inflammation · 2026Review
- N-acetyl Cysteine Reduces Behavioral Disorders of the First and Second-generation Weaned Mice through the Modulation of TAC and the DNMT1 Gene Expression in the Hippocampus.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Article
- Baicalin and valproic acid synergistically induce hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis via ROS-mediated PTEN upregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates neuropathological alterations in a rodent model of neonatal bilirubin-induced encephalopathy.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus: pathogenic mechanisms, clinical biomarkers, and precision therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of cysteine and, thereby, glutathione (GSH), acts as an antioxidant through a variety of mechanisms, including oxidant scavenging, GSH replenishment, antioxidant signaling, etc. Owing to the variety of proposed targets, NAC has a long history of use as a prescription product and in wide-ranging applications that are off-label as an over-the-counter (OTC) product. Despite its discovery in the early 1960s and its development for various indications, systematic clinical pharmacology explorations of NAC pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamic targets, drug interactions, and dose-ranging are sorely limited. Although there are anecdotal instances of NAC benefits in a variety of diseases, a comprehensive review of the use of NAC in rare diseases does not exist. In this review, we attempt to summarize the existing literature focused on NAC explorations in rare diseases targeting mitochondrial dysfunction along with the history of NAC usage, approved indications, mechanisms of action, safety, and PK characterization. Further, we introduce the research currently underway on other structural derivatives of NAC and acknowledge the continuum of efforts through pre-clinical and clinical research to facilitate further therapeutic development of NAC or its derivatives for rare diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.