ArticleHealth and quality of life outcomes2023
Population norms for the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L in Romania.
Article in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association Between Health-Related Quality of Life In Patients with Colorectal Cancer and Their Informal Caregivers.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Population norms for the EQ-5D-5L for Hungary: comparison of online surveys and computer assisted personal interviews.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025Article
- Associations Between Smoking, Stress, Quality of Life, and Oral Health Among Dental Students in Romania: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Chinese version of the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Population Norms for the EQ-5D-5L, PROPr and SF-6D in Hungary.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Article
- Comparison of the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L instruments in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe majority of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) don't have population norms in Romania. This is the case with the EQ-5D as well. Therefore, we aimed to estimate population norms for the Romanian versions of the EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-3L, their indexes, and the EQ-VAS.
methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in all regions of Romania from November 2018 to November 2019. A three-stage probability sampling procedure stratified by region and settlement size was used to select a representative sample. Interviews were computer-assisted and conducted in respondents' homes by trained interviewers. Health status was assessed with the EQ-5D-5L, the EQ-5D-3L and the EQ VAS. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate population norms by age groups and sex for the EQ-5D-5L, the EQ-5D-3L, their indexes and the EQ VAS. Population norms were weighted using survey weights. Indexes for the EQ-5D questionnaires were estimated using the recently developed Romanian value sets.
resultsData from 1,649 interviews was analysed in the present study. Survey weights were used so that sex and place of residence ratios for the weighted sample matched the Romanian general population distribution. Participants' mean age was 47.4 years (SE = 1.157) and 50.3% of them reported being in good health. The dimension for which people reported the highest number of problems for both questionnaires was the pain/discomfort dimension. Men aged 35 plus reported fewer problems with pain/discomfort than women for both the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-5D-3L. Health decreased with age as shown by the decrease from age group 18-24 to age group 75 plus in the indexes of both questionnaires: from 0.977 (SE = 0.005) to 0.765 (SE = 0.017) for EQ-5D-5L and from 0.981 (SE = 0.005) to 0.784 (SE = 0.019) for EQ-5D-3L. There was 29.9 points drop in the EQ VAS score between the youngest and oldest group.
conclusionsPopulation norms for the Romanian versions of the EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-3L, their indexes, and the EQ VAS are now available. These can now be used as reference values by healthcare professionals, researchers and decision-makers leading to a further development of health-related quality of life research in Romania.
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