Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37506095›Full record

ArticlePloS one2023

Psychosocial impact at the time of a rare disease diagnosis.

Juan Benito-Lozano, Greta Arias-Merino, Mario Gómez-Martínez, Beatriz Arconada-López, Begoña Ruiz-García, Manuel Posada de la Paz, Verónica Alonso-Ferreira

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Repercussions of Diagnostic Delay in Rare Diseases.Journal of genetic counseling · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Association of self-stigma, impulsivity, and insomnia with anxiety and depression in patients with Kallmann syndrome.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025
    Article
  13. Osteogenesis imperfecta and the family: A qualitative analysis of the experiences of family and caregivers.Families, systems & health : the journal of collaborative family healthcare · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Patient experience with pulmonary hypertension in Spain.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Observational
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Juan Benito-LozanoInstitute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5400-9057
Greta Arias-MerinoInstitute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
Mario Gómez-MartínezInstitute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
Beatriz Arconada-LópezSpanish Federation of Rare Diseases (FEDER), Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain.
Begoña Ruiz-GarcíaThe State Reference Center for Assistance to People Living with Rare Diseases and their Families (Creer), Centro de Referencia Estatal de Atención a Personas con Enfermedades Raras y sus Familias, dependiente del IMSERSO, Burgos, Spain.
Manuel Posada de la PazInstitute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8372-4180
Verónica Alonso-FerreiraInstitute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8560-1336

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over half of all persons with rare diseases (RDs) in Spain experience diagnostic delay (DD) but little is known about its consequences. This study therefore aimed to analyze the psychological impact of obtaining a diagnosis of an RD, and to ascertain what social determinants are influenced and what the personal consequences are, according to whether or not patients experienced DD. Data were obtained from a purpose-designed form completed by persons registered at the Spanish Rare Diseases Patient Registry. The following were performed: a descriptive analysis; a principal component analysis (PCA); and logistic regressions. Results revealed that while searching for a diagnosis, people who experienced DD were more in need of psychological care than those diagnosed in less than one year (36.2% vs 23.2%; p = 0.002; n = 524). The PCA identified three principal components, i.e., psychological effects, social implications, and functional impact. Reducing DD would improve psychological effects, such as irritability (OR 3.6; 95%CI 1.5-8.5), frustration (OR 3.4; 95%CI 1.7-7.1) and concentration on everyday life (OR 3.3; 95%CI 1.4-7.7). The influence of the social implications and functional repercussions of the disease was greater in persons with DD (scores of 22.4 vs 20 and 10.6 vs 9.4, respectively) in terms of the difficulty in explaining symptoms to close friends and family (3.3 vs 2.9), and loss of independence (3.3 vs 2.9). In conclusion, this is the first study to analyze the psychosocial impact of diagnosis of RDs in Spain and one of few to assess it in the patients themselves, based on data drawn from a purpose-designed form from a national registry open to any RD. People affected by RDs who underwent DD experienced greater psychosocial impact than did those who were diagnosed within the space of one year.

Indexed as

Delayed DiagnosisRare DiseasesHumansSpain

Identifiers

PMID37506095
PMCPMC10381039

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.