ReviewDentistry journal2023
The Performance of Paralleling Technique and Bisecting Angle Technique for Taking Periapical Radiographs: A Systematic Review.
Review in Dentistry journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative assessment of CBCT and digital radiography in quantifying periapical pathology (in vitro study).BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Scenario-Based Dental Hygiene Education Using Virtual Reality: Intraoral Radiography Training.European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe · 2026Article
- A methodological framework for fractal analysis in monitoring periapical lesions after endodontic retreatment: a comprehensive parameter optimization study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- What is the role of Intramarrow penetration in managing intrabony defects-A Systematic Review.The Saudi dental journal · 2026Review
- Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Photodynamic Therapy in Root Canal Treatment of Primary Molars: A 15-month Randomized Clinical Trial.International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2026Article
- Nallan's Direct Ray: An Innovative Gyroscopic-Guided Radiographic Device for Intraoral Radiography.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Deep learning-based assessment of periapical radiographic image quality.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Is it possible to apply a paralleling technique to different ethnicities in Hong Kong?Oral radiology · 2026Article
- Effect of Orthodontic Movement on the Periapical Healing of Teeth Undergone Endodontic Root Canal Treatment: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin Plus Sealed Exclusively with Glass Ionomer Cement: Setting a New Standard for Healing, Aesthetics and Predictive Modelling in Regenerative Endodontics.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of an intraoral X-ray cone with positioning laser lights on reducing radiographic errors with the bisecting angle technique: A technical report.Imaging science in dentistry · 2025Article
- Enhancing intraoral radiographic technique: introducing "Nallan's Lines".Frontiers in oral health · 2024Article
- Evaluation of radiographic quality of root canal obturation performed by undergraduate and postgraduate clinical dental students in a Nigerian hospital.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Periapical radiography is a routine radiographic procedure performed by dentists on a daily basis. It can be taken with two techniques, the paralleling technique (P tech) and the bisecting angle technique (B tech). This systematic review aimed to identify the relevant literature, compare the use of P and B techs across various dental specialties, and determine the most appropriate technique to be used for different purposes in taking periapical radiographs. In January 2023, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify the studies that compared the two radiographic techniques. The search string was: (paralleling AND ("bisecting angle" OR "bisected angle")). Manual reference tracing was also performed to identify the studies potentially missed. After screening, 26 studies were included for the qualitative review. The 26 included studies were published between 1976 and 2021. Ten of the studies were about general dentistry (dental radiology in general applications), whereas another ten studies were related to endodontics, such as working length estimation. Most studies advocated the use of the P tech for general, endodontics, implantology, and other indications. B tech was advocated for patients with a low palatal height. More future studies are needed to evaluate their performance in different scenarios with standardized equipment and radiographic positioning.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.