ArticleResearch square2023
A fast direct solver for surface-based whole-head modeling of transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Article in Research square, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
Background: When modeling transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the brain, a fast and accurate electric field solver can support interactive neuronavigation tasks as well as comprehensive biophysical modeling. Objective: We formulate, test, and disseminate a direct ( Method: The solver is based on the boundary element fast multipole method (BEM-FMM), which incorporates the latest mathematical advancement in the theory of fast multipole methods - an FMM-based LU decomposition. This decomposition is specific to the head model and needs to be computed only once per subject. Moreover, the solver offers unlimited spatial numerical resolution. Results: Despite the fast execution times, the present direct solution is numerically accurate for the default model resolution. In contrast, the widely used brain modeling software SimNIBS employs a first-order finite element method that necessitates additional mesh refinement, resulting in increased computational cost. However, excellent agreement between the two methods is observed for various practical test cases following mesh refinement, including a biophysical modeling task. Conclusion: The method can be readily applied to a wide range of TMS analyses involving multiple coil positions and orientations, including image-guided neuronavigation. It can even accommodate continuous variations in coil geometry, such as flexible H-type TMS coils. The FMM-LU direct solver is freely available to academic users.
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