ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2023
The association between cholesterol/saturated fat index (CSI) and quality of sleep, and circadian rhythm among overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The research progress and prospects of circadian rhythm in obesity: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Associations between cardiometabolic index and sleep disorders: Results from NHANES 2015 to 2020.Medicine · 2026Article
- Gender specific associations and interactions of fat quality with sleep and mental health in the elderly.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Relationship Among Macronutrients, Dietary Components, and Objective Sleep Variables Measured by Smartphone Apps: Real-World Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Interaction of genetics risk score and fatty acids quality indices on healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotype.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- Association of dietary intake of saturated fatty acids with obstructive sleep apnea: mediating effects of Life's Crucial 9.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Cholesterol to saturated fat index (CSI), metabolic parameters and inflammatory factors among obese individuals.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Article
- From Garden to Pillow: Understanding the Relationship between Plant-Based Nutrition and Quality of Sleep.Nutrients · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe decline in sleep quality is one of the main public health problems affecting the global population. Some studies have shown that a high-fat diet may be linked to changes in circadian rhythm and sleep quality. The cholesterol/saturated fatty acid index (CSI) determines the amount of cholesterol and saturated fatty acid (SFA) in people's dietary patterns and can affect the quality of sleep and circadian rhythm. However, to date, no studies have investigated the effect of this index on these two variables. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the relationship between CSI on circadian rhythm and sleep quality in obese and overweight women.
methodThis cross-sectional study included 378 adult women who were obese or overweight. Using accepted techniques, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure readings, and biochemical variables were evaluated. A validated and trustworthy semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ 147 items) was used to gauge dietary intake. The CSI was measured to find out how much cholesterol and saturated fats were in the diet. Additionally, to assess circadian rhythm and sleep quality, respectively, the valid morning-evening questionnaire (MEQ) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaires were utilized.
resultThe results of the multinomial logistic regression model of our analysis showed that a significant association was observed between circadian rhythm status with CSI score, and participants with one higher unit of CSI had a 7.3% more chance of being in the eveningness group than being in morningness category in the crude model (OR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.00, 1.14; P = 0.026). This association remains marginally significant when adjusting for age, energy intake, BMI, job status, thyroid, and smoking status (OR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.00, 1.16; P = 0.051). The binary logistic regression model showed that after controlling for potentially confounding variables, there was no significant association between sleep quality with CSI score, however, those with one higher unit of CSI had 1.6% more chance of having sleep problems (OR: 1.01; 95% CI 0.96, 1.06; P = 0.503).
conclusionOur results indicated a direct marginally significant association between CSI with evening type in overweight and obese women. Future studies are needed to clarify the precise link between circadian rhythm and sleep behavior with fatty acid quality index.
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