Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37500654›Full record

ArticleSignal transduction and targeted therapy2023

Metabolic reprogramming of proinflammatory macrophages by target delivered roburic acid effectively ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis symptoms.

Na Jia, Yunzhen Gao, Min Li, Yi Liang, Yuwen Li, Yunzhu Lin, Shiqi Huang, Qing Lin, Xun Sun, Qin He and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed
20.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 125 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Na JiaKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Yunzhen GaoKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Min LiKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Yi LiangKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Yuwen LiDepartment of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Yunzhu LinKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Shiqi HuangKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Qing LinKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Xun SunKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.ORCID 0000-0002-0218-1664
Qin HeKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Yuqin YaoKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.ORCID 0000-0003-2097-6978
Ben ZhangKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Zhirong ZhangKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
Ling ZhangKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China. zhangling83@scu.edu.cn.
Sichuan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic inflammatory disorder that usually affects joints. It was found that roburic acid (RBA), an ingredient from anti-RA herb Gentiana macrophylla Pall., displayed strong anti-inflammatory activity. However, its medical application is limited by its hydrophobicity, lack of targeting capability and unclear functional mechanism. Here, we constructed a pH responsive dual-target drug delivery system hitchhiking RBA (RBA-NPs) that targeted both CD44 and folate receptors, and investigated its pharmacological mechanism. In rat RA model, the nanocarriers effectively delivered RBA to inflammatory sites and significantly enhanced the therapeutic outcomes compared with free RBA, as well as strongly reducing inflammatory cytokine levels and promoting tissue repair. Following analysis revealed that M1 macrophages in the joints were reprogrammed to M2 phenotype by RBA. Since the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages play important roles in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive inflammation in RA, this reprogramming is likely responsible for the anti-RA effect. Furthermore, we revealed that RBA-NPs drove M1-to-M2 phenotypic switch by down-regulating the glycolysis level via blocking ERK/HIF-1α/GLUT1 pathway. Thus, our work not only developed a targeting delivery system that remarkably improved the anti-RA efficiency of RBA, but also identified a potential molecular target to reversely reprogram macrophages though energy metabolism regulation.

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidAnimalsChrysenesCytokinesInflammationMacrophagesRatsChrysenesCytokinesroburic acid

Identifiers

PMID37500654
PMCPMC10374631
OpenAlexW4385296753

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.