ArticleJAMA network open2023
Examination of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Need, Availability, and Potential Pharmacy Integration in the Southeastern US.
Article in JAMA network open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Guidelines for Emergency Department Care of Sexual Minorities: Implementable Actions to Improve Care.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative Workflow Modelling of HIV Status-Neutral Care Implementation in Six High-Burden Jurisdictions in the United States: A Qualitative Study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Characteristics of US Counties with Low Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use and Limited Access to PrEP Prescribing Clinics.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- HIV/STI Prevention Strategies During COVID-19 Among PrEP-Eligible Cisgender Women in New York State: A Qualitative Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Optimising community pharmacy PrEP delivery for cisgender female sex workers in Uganda: Protocol for a mixed-methods study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Improving Access to HIV Prevention Services in Community Pharmacies in the US Southeast: Protocol for a Hybrid Type 1 Effectiveness-Implementation Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- The PrEP Pharmacy Reach Study: Protocol for the Creation of Maps to Visualize the Impact of Expanding Access to HIV Prevention Services Through Pharmacies.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Structural Racism and HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Use in the Nationwide US: A County-Level Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- PrEP Navigator Perceptions of the Implementation of Injectable PrEP on HIV Prevention in Tennessee.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Exploring Willingness to Use Long-Acting Injectable PrEP Among Sexual and Gender Minoritized People Accessing Pharmacies.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2025Article
- Using the andersen healthcare utilization model to assess willingness to screen for prep in pharmacy-based settings among cisgender sexually minoritized men: results from the 2020 american men's internet survey.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Implementation Science of Integrating Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Pharmacist-Led Services in the United States.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Assessing pharmacy workflow to enhance the integration of HIV prevention services.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
- Pharmacy staff willingness to establish pre-exposure prophylaxis-based collaborative practice agreements in the Southeast United States.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Daily preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use can prevent up to 99% of HIV infections; however, PrEP uptake is low due to poor access to PrEP-prescribing locations for populations at increased risk for HIV, especially in the southeastern US. Pharmacies are a feasible option to increase PrEP access, but little is known about how they could complement current PrEP-prescribing locations. Objective: To examine geographic distributions of current PrEP-prescribing locations compared with pharmacies and the facility to need ratios (PFNRs) according to HIV risk in the Southeast and describe the potential reach of pharmacies to expand PrEP access. Design, Setting, and Participants: Data for this cross-sectional study of PrEP-prescribing locations and pharmacies were compiled from January 1 to December 31, 2021. States or specific counties in the Southeast included in this study were jurisdictions identified as high-priority areas for the Ending the HIV Epidemic in the US (EHE) initiative. Exposure: Expansion of HIV prevention services to pharmacies. Main Outcomes and Measures: Choropleth maps of 5-year HIV risk per 100 000 persons were developed for EHE jurisdictions in the southeastern US. PrEP-prescribing locations (obtained from a national database of PrEP prescribers) and pharmacies (obtained from state pharmacy boards) were overlayed on HIV risk maps. The PFNRs by state were calculated as number of facilities (PrEP-prescribing locations or pharmacies) divided by 5-year HIV risk per 100 000 persons. Lower PFNRs indicated lower geographic availability of locations to meet the needs of the population at risk for HIV. The PFNRs for current PrEP-prescribing locations vs pharmacies were compared. Results: Among the 2 southeastern states and 13 counties in 4 southeastern states included, PrEP-prescribing locations were unequally distributed across EHE areas, with substantially fewer in areas at high risk for HIV. Pharmacies were evenly dispersed across areas regardless of HIV risk. The mean PFNR across all states for current PrEP-prescribing locations was 0.008 (median, 0.000 [IQR, 0.000-0.003]); for pharmacies, it was 0.7 (median, 0.3 [IQR, 0.01-0.1]). The PFNRs were at least 20.3 times higher for pharmacies compared with PrEP-prescribing locations. States with the greatest potential increase in PFNRs with expansion to pharmacies included Kentucky, South Carolina, and Tennessee. Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that expanding HIV prevention services to pharmacies in EHE areas in the Southeast could significantly increase capacity to reach individuals at increased risk of HIV transmission. Legislation aimed at allowing pharmacists to prescribe PrEP and provide HIV prevention services may be an important next step in ending the HIV epidemic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.