ArticleAllergy2023
Immunoglobulin G4 in eosinophilic esophagitis: Immune complex formation and correlation with disease activity.
Article in Allergy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adolescents: a clinical practice guideline.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Guideline
- Shifting the scope: Moving toward less invasive diagnosis and monitoring of eosinophilic esophagitis.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Mechanisms of Disease and Approach to Treatment.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- The Potential Link Between Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Food Allergy: Inflammatory Pathogenesis and Management.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- IFNγ Signaling Impairs Regulatory B Cell Function Resulting in Worse Control of Esophageal Food Allergy.Allergy · 2025Article
- Eosinophilic esophagitis: An allergy and immunology perspective on the updated guidelines.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Eosinophilic esophagitis and allergic susceptibility: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Advances in omics data for eosinophilic esophagitis: moving towards multi-omics analyses.Journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Advances and ongoing challenges in eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders presented at the CEGIR/TIGERs Symposium at the 2024 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology meeting.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Triggers for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE): The intersection of food allergy and EoE.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Isotype diversity of antibodies specific for component allergens in the context of allergic diseases: eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), asthma, and the alpha-gal syndrome (AGS).Frontiers in allergy · 2024Review
- Barrier Dysfunction in Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Current gastroenterology reports · 2023Review
- The Role of B Cells and Antibodies in Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Inflammatory intestinal diseasesReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent studies have shown deposition of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and food proteins in the esophageal mucosa of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) patients. Our aims were to assess whether co-localization of IgG4 and major cow's milk proteins (CMPs) was associated with EoE disease activity and to investigate the proteins enriched in proximity to IgG4 deposits.
methodsThis study included adult subjects with EoE (n = 13) and non-EoE controls (n = 5). Esophageal biopsies were immunofluorescence stained for IgG4 and CMPs. Co-localization in paired samples from active disease and remission was assessed and compared to controls. The proteome surrounding IgG4 deposits was evaluated by the novel technique, AutoSTOMP. IgG4-food protein interactions were confirmed with co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry.
resultsIgG4-CMP co-localization was higher in the active EoE group compared to paired remission samples (Bos d 4, p = .02; Bos d 5, p = .002; Bos d 8, p = .002). Co-localization was also significantly higher in the active EoE group compared to non-EoE controls (Bos d 4, p = .0013; Bos d 5, p = .0007; Bos d 8, p = .0013). AutoSTOMP identified eosinophil-derived proteins (PRG 2 and 3, EPX, RNASE3) and calpain-14 in IgG4-enriched areas. Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry confirmed IgG4 binding to multiple food allergens.
conclusionThese findings further contribute to the understanding of the interaction of IgG4 with food antigens as it relates to EoE disease activity. These data strongly suggest the immune complex formation of IgG4 and major cow's milk proteins. These immune complexes may have a potential role in the pathophysiology of EoE by contributing to eosinophil activation and disease progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.