ArticleBio-protocol2023
Biophysical Analysis of Mechanical Signals in Immotile Cilia of Mouse Embryonic Nodes Using Advanced Microscopic Techniques.
Article in Bio-protocol, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Artificial embryonic node elucidates the role of flow in left-right symmetry breaking in vertebrates.Science advances · 2026Article
- BMP4 regulates asymmetric Pkd2 distribution in mouse nodal immotile cilia and ciliary mechanosensing required for left-right determination.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2025Article
- Overview of the super-resolution and advanced microscopy imaging session at the 21st IUPAB and the 62nd Biophysics Society of Japan joint congress.Biophysical reviews · 2024Article
- Optical microscopic imaging, manipulation, and analysis methods for morphogenesis research.Microscopy (Oxford, England) · 2024Review
- Function of nodal cilia in left-right determination: Mechanical regulation in initiation of symmetry breaking.Biophysics and physicobiology · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Immotile cilia of crown cells at the node of mouse embryos are required for sensing leftward fluid flow that gives rise to the breaking of left-right (L-R) symmetry. The flow-sensing mechanism has long remained elusive, mainly because of difficulties inherent in manipulating and precisely analyzing the cilium. Recent progress in optical microscopy and biophysical analysis has allowed us to study the mechanical signals involving primary cilia. In this study, we used high-resolution imaging with mechanical modeling to assess the membrane tension in a single cilium. Optical tweezers, a technique used to trap sub-micron-sized particles with a highly focused laser beam, allowed us to manipulate individual cilia. Super-resolution microscopy allowed us to discern the precise localization of ciliary proteins. Using this protocol, we provide a method for applying these techniques to cilia in mouse embryonic nodes. This method is widely applicable to the determination of mechanical signals in other cilia.
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Registered trials
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